in this study, five carp pituitary glands were collected and dispersed enzymatically and mechanically.then, the cells were cultivated as monolayer in mem (minimum essential medium eagle). the culture mediawere collected after 72 h and frozen at -20°c. carp ovarian follicles also were separated mechanically andincubated in bss (basic salt solution) cortland medium in 24-well microplates for 48 h...

The growth hormone secretagogue-receptor (GHS-R) is an endogenous receptor for the gut hormone ghrelin. Here we report the identification and characterization of GHS-R1a in grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus. The full-length GHS-R1a cDNA contained a 1803-bp coding domain sequence which encoded a peptide of 360 amino acid residues. Comparison analysis revealed that the amino acid sequences of ...

In our previous study, NKB/NK3R system has been shown to act at the pituitary level to up-regulate SLα synthesis and secretion in grass carp. However, whether NK3R expression can serve as a regulatory target at the pituitary level and contribute to NKB interactions with other SLα regulators is still unclear. In current study, using grass carp pituitary cells as a model, we have a novel finding ...

Growth and reproduction are closely related. Growth hormone (GH)-transgenic common carp exhibit accelerated growth and delayed reproductive development, which provides an amenable model to study hormone cross talk between the growth and reproductive axes. We analyzed the energy status and reproductive development in GH-transgenic common carp by using multi-tissue RNA sequencing, real-time-PCR, ...

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a potent growth hormone (GH)-releasing factor in lower vertebrates. However, its functional interactions with other GH regulators have not been fully characterized. In fish models, norepinephrine (NE) inhibits GH release at the pituitary cell level, but its effects on GH synthesis have yet to be determined. We examined adrenergic inh...

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) has been proposed to be the ancestral GHRH. Recently, using grass carp as a model for modern-day bony fish, we demonstrated that PACAP nerve fibers are present in close proximity to carp somatotrophs, and mammalian PACAPs can induce GH secretion in carp pituitary cells. To further examine the role of PACAP as a GH-releasing factor in fi...

The effects of naltrexone on the in vitro luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion from whole pituitary glands as well as from dispersed pituitary cells of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in primary cell culture were studied. The perifusion of whole pituitary glands with naltrexone at a concentration of 10 M caused a significant increase of LH secretion compared to the control. This finding suggests...

Gonadotrophin regulation by activin/follistatin system is well-documented, but the corresponding effect on growth hormone (GH) has not been fully characterized and with little information available in lower vertebrates, especially in fish models. In grass carp, local interactions of GH and luteinizing hormone (LH) can induce GH release and gene expression at pituitary level via autocrine/paracr...

This review article deals with the documentation of all previous work on propagation Gattan. It was found that induced spawning Gattan is similar to common carp and Bunnei. The sensitive brooders needs a great care during handling transportation. weight 5 were 1.5-10 kg for females 1-2.5 males, age 4-9 3-6 males respectively. artificial breeding season continue from10 March till mid June. MS222...

The endocrine response of crucian carp injected intraperitoneally with extracted microcystins (MC) was investigated in this study. Fish were injected intraperitoneally either with 0.75% NaCl (control) and Microcystis extract corresponding to 150 and 600 microg microcystins per kg body weight. The plasma levels of triiodothyronine (T(3)), thyroxine (T(4)), free triiodothyronine (FT(3)), free thy...