This study investigates the effect of substitution with different functional groups and of molecular flexibility by changing within the axle from a single C-C bond to a double C=C bond. Therefore, we present static quantum chemical calculations at the dispersion-corrected density functional level (DFT-D3) for several Leigh-type rotaxanes. The calculated crystal structure is in close agreement w...

A hierarchical optimization procedure for the optimal synthesis of a double-axle steering mechanism used in truck with dynamic loads is presented. A multibody model of double-axle steering mechanism is presented to characterize the leaf spring effect. The influences of dynamic loads, the motion interference of steering linkage resulted from the elastic deformation of leaf spring, and the effect...

The discovery/invention of the ball-bearing motor is attributed to Milroy [1]. It has been discussed several times, with conflicting explanations [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]. This solution is a much simplified version of that given in [7]. Because the motor is weak, it is helpful to reduce friction on the axle by connecting the high-current lead to the outer races of the ba...

The design of European two–axle freight wagons can be traced back to the 1890’es. It has been and still is widely used in Europe because it is simple, rugged and cheap in price and maintenance. The internationally approved suspension for two–axle freight wagons in Europe is known as the UIC standard suspension (see Fig. 1). Each wagon has four of these suspensions. They consist of a leaf spring...

Semiconstrained (linked design) total elbow arthroplasty is indicated in a wide variety of cases. Long-term survival is better than with non-linked prostheses. However, mechanical failure of the hinge mechanism is a complication that may occur during follow-up. We report a case of failure of the axle assembly of a Coonrad-Morrey elbow prosthesis 8 years after implantation for nonunion of a supr...

This study investigates how shape optimisation affects the ultimate fatigue strength of a mechanical part. The mechanical part chosen for this investigation is an axle guard of running gear elements of the Hccrrs 2x2 axle car-carrying wagon. The static and fatigue strength analysis procedure according to the UIC 517 standard and numerical methods have been applied. Material properties were dete...

A sensor fusion algorithm for flexible framed modular mobile robots is presented in this paper. This algorithm uses traditional Kalman filters and rigid axle kinematic models to predict the global posture of each axle. A Covariance Intersection filter is then proposed for fusing these axle modules using data provided by the compliant frame module. Modeling and instrumentation of the compliant f...

A neutral heteroditopic pyridine N-oxide axle containing [2]rotaxane, synthesised via sodium cation templation, displays cooperative recognition of alkali metal cation-halide anion ion-pairs in an unprecedented axle component separated ion-pair binding fashion.

1 describes the design, synthesis and operation of an artificial small-molecule capable of synthesizing peptides in a sequence-specific manner. The design of this artificial molecular machine was, in the author's own words, " inspired by the ribosome " ; 2 with several elements analogous to ribosomal protein synthesis (Fig. 1). The tRNA's of conventional translation are substituted by amino aci...

Cucurbit[7[uril, the wheel component in two new and structurally simple pseudorotaxanes, shuttles between the two axle termini at low pH, whereas the shuttling motion stops at higher pH, as the wheel is bound to the center of the axle.