The developmental dyslexia studies in alphabetic languages usually from the perspectives of cognition, neurobiology and genetics. Since the Chinese language is characterized as a logographic writing system with deep orthography, which is different from alphabetic languages, whether the findings in alphabetic languages are coincident in Chinese remains a question. By comparing theories in the ca...

Routing plays an important role in determining the total circuit area and circuit performance and hence must be addressed as early as possible during the design process In this paper an e ective routing driven approach for technology dependent logic synthesis which relies on alphabetic tree construction is presented Alphabetic trees are trees which are generated under the restriction that the i...

Quasi-alphabetic tree bimorphisms [Steinby and Tîrn uc : Syntax-Directed Translations and Quasi-Alphabetic Tree Bimorphisms. Proc. CIAA, LNCS 4783:265 276, 2007] are reconsidered. It is known that the class of (string) translations de ned by such bimorphisms coincides with the class of syntax-directed translations. This result is extended to a smaller class of tree bimorphisms namely (linear an...

Alphabetic trees are trees without any internal edge crossing despite an imposed total order on their leaf nodes This paper presents a systematic procedure for generating all alphabetic trees on a given number of leaf nodes under bounded degree and or bounded height criteria The number of such trees is calculated and used to derive upper bounds on the complexity of the corresponding alphabetic ...

the poets of lyrical poetry usually take advantage of various ways. one method used to compose love poetry is usage of alphabetic letters. other than the combination of letters in order to create new words and meanings, arabic letters of alphabet basically have another literary role – discussed in this paper – that of outward shape of the letter which has been used to create the most beautiful ...

Previous bilingual studies showed reduced hemispheric asymmetry in visual tasks such as face perception in bilinguals compared with monolinguals, which suggested that hemispheric asymmetry in visual tasks could be modulated by experience in reading one or two languages. Here we examined whether difference in hemispheric asymmetry in visual tasks can also be observed in bilinguals who have diffe...

Chinese adults literate only in Chinese characters could not add or delete individual consonants in spoken Chinese words. A comparable group of adults, literate in alphabetic spelling as well as characters, could perform the same tasks readily and accurately. The two groups were similar in education and experience but differed in age and consequently in whether they had learned an alphabetic wr...