In this work, we have used cyclic voltammetry to investigate the interfacial behavior of cocaine cutting agents at electrified liquid-liquid interface formed between a solution water and 1,2-dichloroethane phases. Among 27 chemical species adulterate street samples, only 8 were detectable in available potential window. These include procaine, lidocaine, levamisole, hydroxyzine, caffeine, phenyl...

Milk adulteration is a common phenomenon in many countries, which draws extensive attention from humans due to health hazards that might result some fatal diseases. In this study, portable near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer combined with multivariate analysis was used detect and quantify milk adulteration. Fresh cow samples were collected eight dairy farms Beijing Hebei province of China. Water, ...

Focusing on the high dispersion of stable isotope ratios (δ13C, δ15N, δ18O, δ2H) in edible bird's nest (EBN), a robust method was developed to simultaneously discriminate and quantify three types substances (sialic acid, egg white food gums) added separately into EBN. Results showed that by establishing data processing formula improve cohesion samples' ratios, discriminant achieved with an accu...

Curculigo orchioides is most commonly used as an imperative medicinal plant in Vietnam. The roots are mainly to treat sexual dysfunction, back pain, arthritis, nephritis, jaundice, and infertility. Given the high market demand herbal market, C. traders adulterate with other similar plants for illegitimate benefits. Maturase K (matK) ribulose 1,5-biphosphate carboxylase (rbcL) DNA barcode loci p...

A IWO (w/v) beet sucrose solution was used to adulterate freshly squcexed orange juice over the range O-20% (or O-20 g I ’ of added sucrvsc). Samples were analyzed by the rapid automated screening technique of Curic-point pyrolysis mass spectrometry (PyMS). To deconvotve these spectra neural cognition-based methods of multilayer pcraptrons (MU’s) and radial basis functions (RBFr) and the line= ...

Pomegranate juice is in high demand due to its well documented health benefits. Studies based on a significant body of scientific research conducted on authentic pomegranate juice have established that pomegranate juice has superior antioxidant activity compared to other popular fruit juices such as grape, orange and apple1,2,3. These superior health benefits have led to a meteoric rise in the ...

Abrin is a toxic ribosome-inactivating protein present in beans of Abrus precatorius, also known as rosary peas. The possibility that abrin could be used to adulterate food has made the development of assays for the detection of abrin a priority. Rabbit-derived polyclonal antibodies and mouse monoclonal antibodies were prepared against a mixture of abrin isozymes. The specificity and cross-reac...

Genomic plasticity is a mechanism for adaptation to environmental cues such as host responses and antifungal drug pressure in many fungi including the human pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata. In this study we evaluated the phenotypic and genotypic stability of the world-wide used C. glabrata reference strain CBS138/ATCC2001 under laboratory conditions. A set of ten lineages of this wild type st...

Aversive agents are proposed as potential additives to rodenticides to increase selectivity to the target species. Examples of various aversive agent categories are given, including odorants, tastants, and emetics, with examples of evaluations. Tastant additives have been found that do not interfere with rodenticidal efficacy. Denatonium benzoate (commercially available as Bitrex) is an intense...

Scutellaria baicalensis GEORGI (Lamiaceae) is the botanical origin of the well-known traditional Chinese medicine "Huang Qin" (Radix Scutellariae). Due to overexploitation that had induced a decline in natural sources, the dried roots of its congeners, S. amoena, S. rehderiana, and S. viscidula, have been used to adulterate it in recent years. This practice may cause a series of inconsistent th...