The lag period in the induction of rat pineal N-acetyltransferase (arylamine acetyltransferase or acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase EC 2.3.1.5) by catecholamines via the beta-adrenergic receptor varies with the length of exposure of the rat to light or darkness. If rats have been exposed to light and reduced sympathetic nerve activity for more than 12 hr, this lag period is 1-2 hr long. ...

The effects of semi-chronic stress on neuronal morphology and choline acetyltransferase were studied by injecting rats with dexamethasone. It was found that in the dexamethasone-treated rats the choline acetyltransferase activity had increased in the area where the fibers from the perforant pathway synapse with the granular cell layer of the dentate gyrus and also where the mossy fibers of the ...

Transcription initiation is a major regulatory step in eukaryotic gene expression. It involves the assembly of general transcription factors and RNA polymerase II into functional pre-initiation complex at core promoters. The degree chromatin compaction controls accessibility machinery to template DNA. Co-activators have critical roles this process by actively regulating accessibility. Many tran...

There is a large-amplitude circadian rhythm of indoleamine metabolism in the retina-pigment epithelium of the chicken. N-Acetyltransferase activity (arylamine acetyltransferase; acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase, EC 2.3.1.5) and melatonin content are 15-fold higher at night than during the day in a cycle of a 4-fold increase during the subjective night. Light at midnight inactivates N-ac...

New sublines of Chinese hamster CHL cells stably expressing human NATI or NAT2 A'-acetyltransferases or 0-acetyltransferase of Salmonella typhimurium were established, and their sensitivities to carcinogenic nitroarenes and aromatic amines were compared using the in vitro micronucleus test. The subline expressing human NAT2 A'-acetyltransferase exhibited the highest sensitivity to the ciastogen...

Platelet activating factor (1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; PAF) induced in isolated rat peritoneal and human peripheral neutrophils a rapid and potent activation of the PAF biosynthetic enzyme acetyl-CoA:1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O2-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.67). The PAF-induced activation of the neutrophil acetyltransferase (8-10 times basal neutrophil activity) was ...

ROSKOSKI, ROBERT, JR., RUTH I. MCDONALD, LAURA M. ROSKOSKI, WILLIAM J. MARVIN, AND KENT HERMSMEYER. Choline acetyltransferase activity in heart: evidence for neuronal and not myocardial origin. Am. J. Physiol. 233(6): H642-H646, 1977 or Am. J. Physiol.: Heart Circ. Physiol. 2(6): H642-H646, 1977. -Choline acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.6) catalyzes the following reaction: acetyl coenzyme A + choli...

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of berberine on activity and mRNA expression of N-acetyltransferase in human lung cancer cell line A549. METHODS N-acetyltransferase antibodies were prepared. The human lung cancer A549 cells were cultivated randomly in the wells of culture plate, and divided into the control group, and berberine 0.0008, 0.008, 0.08, 0.8 and 1.6 mM treatment groups, with 3 wells...

Arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase controls daily changes in melatonin production by the pineal gland and thereby plays a unique role in biological timing in vertebrates. Arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase is also expressed in the retina, where it may play other roles in addition to signaling, including neurotransmission and detoxification. Large changes in activity reflect cyclic 3',5'-adenosi...