Phenols, anilines, and malonates have been arylated under metal-free conditions with twelve aryl(phenyl)iodonium salts in a systematic chemoselectivity study. A new "anti-ortho effect" has been identified in the arylation of malonates. Several "dummy groups" have been found that give complete chemoselectivity in the transfer of the phenyl moiety, irrespective of the nucleophile. An aryl exchang...

A convenient and general zinc-catalyzed borylation of aryl diazonium salts and aryltriazenes has been developed. With bis- (pinacolato)diboron as the borylation reagent, aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborate salts and aryltriazenes were transformed into the corresponding arylboronates in moderate to excellent yields under mild conditions. As a convenient and practical methodology, no additional ligan...

Highly enantioselective iridium-catalyzed hydrogenation of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazinium salts has been achieved, providing a direct access to chiral 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine derivatives with up to 95% ee. The key feature of the reaction is the addition of cesium carbonate, which increases the conversion and prohibits the racemization pathway of products.

Condensation of N-2-pyridylimidoyl-2-pyridylamidine with S2Cl2 affords fused N-bridgehead-1,2,5-thiadiazolium salts, which can be converted to 3,5-bis(2-pyridyl)-4-hydro-1,2,4,6-thiatriazine (Py2TTAH). Oxidation of Py2TTAH with iodine yields the corresponding 1,2,4,6-thiatriazinyl radical, identified by EPR spectroscopy.

Chaotropic salts were examined with a view to their use as protein-dissociating agents. The rank order of their ability to dissociate proteins followed the Hofmeister series for proteins which self-interact mainly via the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds (P-lactoglobulin A, hemoglobin). For hydrophobic associations @-casein, concanavalin A, chymotrypsin), misplacements in the Hofmeist...

Reactions of alkynylborate salts, easily derived from reaction of frustrated Lewis pairs with terminal alkynes, with diazonium salts to induce 1,1-carboboration affording a facile and efficient route to substituted electrophilic vinyl boranes.

Amiloride-insensitive sodium taste transduction is severely limited by large anions (i.e., gluconate). We found that in a brief-access taste test, sodium-depleted rats exhibited similar levels of increased licking to several sodium salts regardless of anion but did not increase licking to nonsodium salts compared with water. The enhanced licking of sodium salts was abolished in the presence of ...

The possibility of application of 4-nitrocatechol (4-NC) - tetrazolium salt - organic solventsystems for liquid-liquid extraction-spectrophotometric vanadium (IV and V) speciation wasstudied. Six commercially available tetrazolium salts (2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC),3-(2-naphtyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium chloride (Tetrazolium Violet, TV); 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazol)-2,5-diphenyltetra...