OBJECTIVE To evaluate the teratogenic effect of very large doses of nitrazepam in children born to pregnant women who attempted suicide and to check the feasibility of self-poisoning pregnant women model. DESIGN AND SETTING Comparative analysis of exposed children and their unexposed sibs born to the same mothers who attempted suicide during the study pregnancy and admitted to the toxicologic...

OBJECTIVE Excess treatment of 13-cis-RA (Accutane®) on pregnant women induces craniofacial malformation found in infants. However, the effect of folic acid on 13-cis-RA-induced cellular damages of developing midfacial processes is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pretreatment effect of folic acid (FA) on 13-cis-RA-induced cellular damage in developing midfacial pr...

IN THIS study, the principle of using a physiological fluid load to produce a disturbance in the sleep of normal subjects has been utilized both for the evaluation of the non-barbiturate hypnotic, ethchlorvynol ('Arvynol': Pfizer) and to compare its hypnotic effect with glutethimide ('Doriden': Ciba). The technique, which is based on the work of Isaacs (1957 a,b.) and Condouris, Costa and Bonny...

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a ubiquitous fungal metabolite with nephritogenic, carcinogenic, and teratogenic action. Epidemiological studies indicate that OTA may be involved in the pathogenesis of different forms of human nephropathies. Previously we have shown that OTA activates extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2, members of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) family, in the C7...

BACKGROUND Bendectin was the primary pharmaceutical treatment of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) in the United States until the early 1980s. Its manufacture was then discontinued after public allegations that it was causing birth defects. Subsequently, meta-analyses of the many epidemiological cohort and case/control studies used to examine that hypothesis have demonstrated the absence o...

Key points Days 18–55 postconception is the time of maximal teratogenic potential when most organs are differentiating Teratogenic effects of medications may affect both organ structure and organ function Detailed ultrasound assessment of the fetus by trained personnel should detect most major structural abnormalities, but minor abnormalities are often undetected Patients at risk of neural tube...

We have collected information about 118 children born to mothers who were given lithium treatment during the first trimester of pregnancy. The data show that the risk of teratogenic effects is lower than one might have expected from some of the studies carried out on rats and mice; they do not answer the question of whether or not lithium is teratogenic in man. The data were collected retrospec...

1-Methoxy-2-propanol was found to be a promising safe alternative carcinogenic and teratogenic 2-methoxyethanol as solvent for chemical solution deposition of {100}-oriented lead zirconate titanate thin films on platinized silicon.

Unintended exposure to teratogenic compounds can lead to various birth defects; however current animal-based testing is limited by time, cost and high inter-species variability. Here, we developed a human-relevant in vitro model, which recapitulated two cellular events characteristic of embryogenesis, to identify potentially teratogenic compounds. We spatially directed mesoendoderm differentiat...

A 5-fluorouracil mutagenised Rift Valley fever virus strain, which was shown to be attenuated and immunogenic in cattle and sheep, was evaluated for its ability to cause teratogenic effects in pregnant sheep. A group of 50 sheep at various stages of pregnancy was inoculated with the virus and the pregnancies followed to term. There were two abortions and 14% of the lambs produced by vaccinated ...