Abstract The emergence of colistin resistance is one the most serious future issues since it a last‐resort antibiotic used to treat infections caused by multidrug‐resistant (MDR) gram‐negative bacteria, particularly those resistant carbapenems. aquatic environment acts as reservoir for and spread pathogens. transmission plasmid mediated mcr gene important mechanism in gram negative bacteria. Se...

In addition to the commonly used classification as hydrolyzable tannins and condensed tannins, tannins can also be categorized into two other types: polyphenols of constant chemical structure (Type A) and polyphenols of variable composition (Type B). Both types of tannins and related polyphenols account for a large part of plant polyphenols, but accurate structure-activity correlations on a mol...

Objective: Isolation and identification of antibiotics resistant bacteria in raw milk. Methods: Luria-Bertani plates containing ampicillin (32 μg/mL), clindamycin (4 μg/mL), or chloramphenicol (32 μg/mL) were used in isolating the antibiotics resistant bacteria from samples; 16S rRNA analysis method was used to identify the isolates; blood agar plates were used in hemolysis assay; K-B disk diff...

The quotation above has led to the commonly held view that all bacteria will eventually become resistant to any antibiotic given enough time and exposure. However not all bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics at the same rate (and perhaps some species of bacteria may never develop resistance to certain antibiotics). And some bacteria that have been labeled “resistant” are not, in any clini...

background :   imipenem-resistant gram negative bacteria, resulting from metallo-beta-lactamase (mbls)-producing strains have been reported to be among the important causes of nosocomial infections and of serious therapeutic problem worldwide. because of their broad range, potent carbapenemase activity and resistance to inhibitors, these enzymes can confer resistance to almost all beta-lactams....

Bacteria with intrinsic resistance to antibiotics are found in nature. Such organisms may acquire additional resistance genes from bacteria introduced into soil or water, and the resident bacteria may be the reservoir or source of widespread resistant organisms found in many environments. We isolated antibiotic-resistant bacteria in freshwater samples from 16 U.S. rivers at 22 sites and measure...

A cross-sectional study was conducted on street-vended food randomly from different areas of Kathmandu Valley to assess the number viable bacteria in street food, distribution bacteria, antibiotics resistance profile isolated Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and Vancomycin-Resistant (VRSA) valley. Altogether 339 isolates were identified one hundred eighty (180) samples. The average mean ...