We measured the pattern of charging by contact electrification, following contact between a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamp and a glass substrate with gold electrodes. We used scanning Kelvin probe microscopy to map the surface potential at the same regions before and after contact, allowing a point-by-point comparison. After contact, the mean surface potential of the glass shifted by 360 mV ...

Wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs) consisting of sensor nodes with batteries have been at the forefront of sensing and communication technologies in the last few years. Sensor networks with different missions are being massively rolled out, particularly in the internet-ofthings commercial market. To ensure sustainable operation of WRSNs, charging in a timely fashion is very important...

The charging method of lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles (EVs) significantly affects its commercial application. This paper aims to make three contributions to the existing literature. (1) In order to achieve an efficient charging strategy for lithium-ion batteries with shorter charging time and lower charring loss, the trade-off problem between charging loss and charging time has...

The rise of electric vehicles brings a number of challenges for our infrastructure and energy security. Waraich (Waraich et al., 2009) demonstrates that bad choices of charging times made by the owners of electric vehicles (EVs) or plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) can lead to severe problems for the electric grid due to peak loads. Coordinated charging decisions controlled by a centrali...

Purpose: discuss actual application value of the diffusion theory in massive electric vehicle charging load; Method: introduce single vehicle charging process, extend it to charging process of two and multiple electric vehicles, abstract physical process of parallel charging of electric vehicles, introduce energy block concept and diffusion theory, and establish diffusion charging model of elec...

This paper presents a stochastic method for an electric vehicle (EV) aggregator to coordinate EV charging schedule considering uncertainty in EV departures. The EV aggregator is responsible for managing the charging schedule of EVs while participating in the electricity markets. The managed EV charging can provide additional revenues to the aggregator from regulation market participation and ch...

This article investigates the combined low voltage (LV) and medium voltage (MV) residential grid impact for slow and fast electric vehicle (EV) charging, for an increasing local penetration rate and for different residential slow charging strategies. A realistic case study for a Flemish urban distribution grid is used, for which three residential slow charging strategies are modeled: uncoordina...

The charging profile and the quality of the charging system play a key role in the lifetime and the reliability of the battery. In this research, high power 7 Ah LiFePO4-based cells (LFP) have been used to investigate the impact of the fast charging technique on the battery’s lifetime and the charging time. The charging time is an important factor to save time and cost during the battery operat...

In this paper, we investigate the mobile charging in rechargeable sensor networks. By utilizing the historic charging information, the mobile charger can prefetch the charging requests from sensor nodes before they are sent out, and thus both the charging latency of sensor nodes and the travel distance of mobile charger can be reduced. Furthermore, by controlling the amount of energy to charge ...

In this paper, we propose a new charging scheme for multi-domain Differentiated Services (DiffServ) networks. Our scheme considers the existence of non-DiffServ networks on the route of transmission. The charging agent at the edge of the source domain inserts Charging Measurement (CM) packets in the DiffServ traffic, which contain traffic and charging information. The CM packets are subsequentl...