In recent years vehicular travel has been increasing at a tremendous rate. The growth of traffic volumes at many intersections has neces­ sitated many changes in the control devices employed to regulate the intersecting traffic flows. The control devices most often used when the volumes are low are stop or yield signs. At high volume at-grade inter­ sections, however, a traffic signal is requir...

A nonlinear modeling framework is presented for autonomous cruise control (ACC) equipped vehicles which allows one to analyze car-following scenarios in a wide range of velocities and headways. By designing the range policy as well as the controller one can improve the ride qualities for individual vehicles and increase the throughput of the overall traffic systems. INTRODUCTION Vehicular traff...

The stop-signal task has been used to study normal cognitive control and clinical dysfunction. Its utility is derived from a race model that accounts for performance and provides an estimate of the time it takes to stop a movement. This model posits a race between go and stop processes with stochastically independent finish times. However, neurophysiological studies demonstrate that the neural ...

We generalize a wide class of time-continuous microscopic traffic models to include essential aspects of driver behaviour not captured by these models. Specifically, we consider (i) finite reaction times, (ii) estimation errors, (iii) looking several vehicles ahead (spatial anticipation), and (iv) temporal anticipation. The estimation errors are modelled as stochastic Wiener processes and lead ...

For many individuals, traffic stops are the most frequent interaction they have with police. Since the I-95 “turnpike” studies of the mid-1990s, which were primarily motivated by the widespread use of drug-courier profiles in highway enforcement along trafficking corridors, public concern has grown that urban traffic stops may also be plagued by racial profiling. Given this concern, more than 4...

The suppression of inappropriate actions is critical for flexible behavior. Cortical-basal ganglia networks provide key gating mechanisms for action suppression, yet the specific roles of neuronal subpopulations are poorly understood. Here, we examine Arkypallidal (‘‘Arky’’) and Prototypical (‘‘Proto’’) globus pallidus neurons during a Stop task, which requires abrupt cancellation of an imminen...

With the decreasing price of video cameras and their increased deployment on roadway networks, traffic data collection through video imaging has grown in popularity. Numerous vehicle detection and tracking algorithms have been developed for video sensors. However, most existing algorithms function only within a narrow band of environmental conditions and occlusion-free scenarios. In this study,...

Intervehicle communication enables vehicles to exchange messages within a limited broadcast range and thus self-organize into dynamical and geographically embedded wireless ad hoc networks. We study the longitudinal hopping mode in which messages are transported using equipped vehicles driving in the same direction as a relay. Given a finite communication range, we investigate the conditions wh...