Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death due to a single pathogen, accounting for 1.5 million deaths annually on global level. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, causative agent TB, is persistently exposed stresses such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitrogen (RNS), acidic conditions, starvation, and hypoxic all contributing toward inhibiting bacterial proliferation survival. Iron–sulfu...

The Arabidopsis genome contains many sequences annotated as encoding H(+)-coupled cotransporters. Among those are the members of the cation:proton antiporter-2 (CPA2) family (or CHX family), predicted to encode Na(+),K(+)/H(+) antiporters. AtCHX17, a member of the CPA2 family, was selected for expression studies, and phenotypic analysis of knockout mutants was performed. AtCHX17 expression was ...

The stringent response is a survival mechanism in bacteria that is activated by various environmental stressors, including nutrient limitation such as amino acid starvation. The hallmarks of the stringent response include slowed growth and decreased synthesis of translational machinery (tRNA and rRNA) in favour of increased expression of stress response genes. In Escherichia coli, these include...

Special mechanisms of mutation are induced in microbes under growth-limiting stress causing genetic instability, including occasional adaptive mutations that may speed evolution. Both the mutation mechanisms and their control by stress have remained elusive. We provide evidence that the molecular basis for stress-induced mutagenesis in an E. coli model is error-prone DNA double-strand break rep...

Low temperature and desiccation stress are thought to be mechanistically similar in insects, and several studies indicate that there is a degree of cross-tolerance between them, such that increased cold tolerance results in greater desiccation tolerance and vice versa . This assertion is tested at an evolutionary scale by examining basal cold tolerance, rapid cold-hardening (RCH) and chill coma...

Mizuhopecten yessoensis is an economical maricultural bivalve mollusk in China and Japan. Due to the high mortality rate, academics have paid more attention effects of environment recently. However, little known about physiological, immune, metabolic M. under starvation stress at temperatures. Herein, transcriptomic libraries hemolymph striated adductor muscle from feeding starved were construc...

Abstract The spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii , is an invasive pest in Europe and North America. Access to resources may be challenging late fall, winter early spring flies suffer from food deprivation along with cold stress these periods. Whereas a plethora of studies have been performed on the overwintering capacity D. effects starvation fly's tolerance not addressed. In present st...

The viability of the coccoid forms of Helicobacter pylori was evaluated by assessing protein synthesis. Metabolic labeling studies showed the synthesis of proteins and the specific protein profiles of H. pylori coccoids produced under various conditions. Harsh conditions such as aerobiosis and starvation (lack of horse serum) in the culture did not affect the synthesis of proteins in the coccoi...

The eIF2alpha kinases are a family of evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinases that regulate stress-induced translational arrest. Here, we demonstrate that the yeast eIF2alpha kinase, GCN2, the target phosphorylation site of Gcn2p, Ser-51 of eIF2alpha, and the eIF2alpha-regulated transcriptional transactivator, GCN4, are essential for another fundamental stress response, starvation-ind...