The present study examined effects of alpha-mangostin (α-MG) supplementation on the retinal microvasculature, including ocular blood flow (OBF) and blood-retinal barrier (BRB) permeability in a type 2 diabetic animal model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: normal control and diabetes with or without α-MG supplementation. Alpha-mangostin (200 mg/Kg/day) was administered by...

PURPOSE To determine whether downregulation of Connexin 43 (Cx43) expression promotes development of acellular capillaries (ACs), pericyte loss (PL), excess permeability, and retinal thickening in rat retinas. METHODS Control rats, diabetic rats, and rats intravitreally injected with Cx43 siRNA or scrambled siRNA were used in this study to determine if acute downregulation of Cx43 expression ...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the causative virus of disease 2019, causes thrombosis via direct effects on vascular endothelial cells. Necrosis extremities due to arterial occlusion has been reported in patients with 2019. Here, we report a case multiple occlusions associated Although extent which severe 2 infection is responsible for development necrosis this patient uncerta...

Apoptosis has been shown to be a significant form of cell loss in many diseases. Detachment of photoreceptors from the retinal pigment epithelium, as seen in various retinal disorders, causes photoreceptor loss and subsequent vision decline. Although caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways are activated after retinal detachment, caspase inhibition by the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD fails to preven...

A study o f the retinal vascular pathology in the Royal College of Surgeons Rat: A model o f human retinal degeneration. The leading causes of loss of vision in the developed world are the degenerative diseases of photoreceptors; in particular, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP). A common characteristic of these diseases is secondary damage affecting the vascul...

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of nanoparticle-mediated gene delivery of angiogenic inhibitors on retinal inflammation, vascular leakage, and neovascularization in diabetic retinopathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS An expression plasmid of plasminogen kringle 5 (K5), a natural angiogenic inhibitor, was encapsulated with poly(lactide-coglycolide) to form K5 nanoparticl...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The relationship of cortical and subcortical cerebral atrophy to cerebral microvascular disease is unclear. We aimed to assess the associations of retinal vascular signs with cortical and subcortical atrophy in patients with acute stroke. METHODS In the Multi-Centre Retinal Stroke Study, 1360 patients with acute stroke admitted to 2 Australian and 1 Singaporean tertiary...

Retinal vein occlusion is one of the vascular disorders affecting vision. Branch retinal vein occlusion and central retinal vein occlusion are the two basic types of vein occlusion. Branch retinal vein occlusion is three times more common than central retinal vein occlusion and is second only to diabetic retinopathy as the most common retinal vascular cause of visual impairment. The origin of b...

The idiopathic retinitis, vasculitis, aneurysms and neuroretinitis syndrome is a rare retinal vascular disorder characterized by multiple leaking aneurysmal dilations, retinal vasculitis, neuroretinitis and peripheral vascular ischemia. Visual loss mainly occurs due to the development of retinal neovascularization and/or exudative maculopathy. Although the treatment of choice has not yet been e...

PURPOSE Retinal vascular caliber has been linked with increased cardiovascular risk and is predictive of cardiovascular pathology, including stroke and coronary heart disease. Oxidative stress, as well as inflammatory mechanisms, plays a major role in the pathogenesis and progression of atherosclerosis, plaque rupture and vascular thrombotic propensity. The purpose of this study is to explore t...