Human peroxiredoxin II (Prx II) has been known to function as an antioxidant enzyme in cells. Using head-and-neck cancer cell lines, we investigated whether Prx II expression is related to the resistance of cells to radiation therapy in vivo and in vitro, and whether a Prx II antisense serves as a radiosensitizer. Increased expression of Prx II was observed in tissues isolated from the patients...

Introduction Use of hadron therapy as an advanced radiotherapy technique is increasing. In this method, secondary particles are produced through primary beam interactions with the beam-transport system and the patient’s body. In this study, Monte Carlo simulations were employed to determine the dose of produced secondary particles, particularly neutrons during treatment. Materials and Methods I...

There are few effective treatment options for radiation-induced dermatitis in breast cancer patients. We conducted a single-arm trial to tested the hypothesis that topical epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is effective against radiation-induced dermatitis in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Forty-nine patients participated in this study. The patients underwent mastectomy followed...

PURPOSE To observe the effect of guggulsterone (GS) on the radiation response in human cancer cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS The radiation response of cancer cells treated with GS was observed by cell survival studies, cell growth assay, NF-κB activity assay, western blotting of some key growth promoting receptors, the DNA repair protein γH2AX, and flow cytometry for DNA analyses. RESULT...

Radiation therapy can result in severe side-effects, including the development of radiation resistance. The aim of this study was to validate the use of oxygen nanobubble water to overcome resistance to radiation in cancer cell lines via the suppression of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF‑1α) subunit. Oxygen nanobubble water was created using a newly developed method to produce nanobubbles...

Abstract Radiotherapy plays an important role in the management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), especially when patients are not surgical candidates. Radiation-induced tumor death provokes acute inflammation followed by a late-fibrotic response that parallels fibroinflammatory microenvironment PDAC, inciting question whether radiation-induced fibrosis contributes to PDAC progression...

Background. The healthy worker effect (HWE) is a source of bias in occupational studies of mortality among workers caused by use of comparative disease rates based on public data, which include mortality of unhealthy members of the public who are screened out of the workplace. For the US astronaut corp, the HWE is assumed to be strong due to the rigorous medical selection and surveillance. This...

Background: Radiotherapy is an effective and important therapeutic method for breast cancer, but at the same time it has a radiation-induced bystander effect on normal tissue around the tumor. Repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs) by normal cells can reduce the extent of damage caused by this effect. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is an important regulatory molecule in cell signal transduction. However, th...

BACKGROUND Familial breast cancer is associated with mutations in several genes (BRCA1, BRCA2, p53, ATM) whose protein products protect against radiation-induced genotoxicity. This study tested whether sporadic breast cancer was associated with constitutive radiation hypersensitivity. METHODS Blood lymphocytes and EBV-transformed lymphoblasts from patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer a...

The cancer stem cell (CSC) model posits the presence of a small number of CSCs in the heterogeneous cancer cell population that are ultimately responsible for tumor initiation, as well as cancer recurrence and metastasis. CSCs have been isolated from a variety of human cancers and are able to generate a hierarchical and heterogeneous cancer cell population. CSCs are also resistant to convention...