The cadherins are cell adhesion molecules required for cellular homeostasis, and N-cadherin is the predominant cadherin expressed in proximal tubular epithelial cells in humans and rats. Our laboratory previously reported an age-dependent decrease in renal N-cadherin expression; the levels of N-cadherin mRNA and protein expression decreased in parallel, implicating a transcriptional mechanism i...

The proto-oncogene c-Myb plays an important role in cell proliferation, and its upregulation affects the development of glioblastomas. G-quadruplexes are secondary DNA or RNA structures that usually form promoter region oncogenes, including c-Myb, regulate expression these genes. traditional Chinese medicine, brucine, is a ligand located c-Myb. present study investigated therapeutic effects mec...

The core region of the Xenopus laevis pre-ribosomal RNA promoter was subjected to point mutation analysis. A total of 27 point mutants within a 78 base pair region from -64 to +14, (relative to the start of transcription at +1), were assayed by oocyte microinjection. The results locate the 3' boundary of the core promoter at +4 and the 5' boundary at between -33 and -39 and suggest that this re...

Identifying particular motifs responsible for promoter activity is a crucial step toward the development of new gene-based preventive and therapeutic strategies. However, to date, experimental methods to study promoter activity remain limited. We present in this report a promoter competition assay designed to identify, within a given promoter region, motifs critical for its activity. This assay...

The asexual blood stage of Plasmodium falciparum in the human host is comprised of morphologically distinct ring, trophozoite and schizont stages, each of which possesses a distinct pattern of gene expression. Episomal promoter recombination has been recently reported in malaria parasites. We aim to investigate the nature of this process, and its relationship with promoter activity by employing...

Pregnane X Receptor (PXR) is an important ligand-activated nuclear receptor functioning as a 'master regulator' of expression of phase I, phase II drug metabolizing enzymes, and members of the drug transporters. PXR is primarily expressed in hepatic tissues and to lesser extent in other non-hepatic tissues both in human and in mice. Although its expression profile is well studied but little is ...

The GluR1 glutamate receptor subunit is expressed in most brain areas and plays a major role in excitatory synaptic transmission. We cloned and sequenced 5 kilobase pairs of the rat GluR1 promoter and identified multiple transcriptional start sites between 2295 and 2202 (relative to the first ATG). Similar to other glutamate receptor subunit promoters, the GluR1 promoter lacks TATA and CAAT ele...

Background Genome methylation may modulate synaptic plasticity, being a potential background for mental disorder. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), known to be frequently reported by patients with alcohol dependence (AD), have been proposed as one of environmental inequities influencing DNA methylation. The study is aiming 1.To assess a promoter region methylation in gene for somatostatin r...

Expression of the Sar8.2 gene family is induced by salicylic acid (SA) in tobacco during induction of systemic acquired resistance. Expression of Sar8.2b, one member of this 12-member family, was detected as early as 12 h after treatment with SA and was maximal 36 h after SA treatment. In NahG transgenic tobacco plants, benzothiadiazole and dichloroisonicotinic acid induced expression of Sar8.2...

Mutations in SOX9 cause campomelic dysplasia (CD), a dominant skeletal dysmorphology and XY sex reversal syndrome. The CD phenotype is sensitive to dosage and expression levels of SOX9. Sox9 is expressed during chondrocyte differentiation and is up-regulated in male and down-regulated in female genital ridges during sex differentiation. In order to study the sex- and tissue-specific regulation ...