How do we learn causal relations between events from experience? Many have argued for an associative account inspired by animal conditioning models, but there is a growing literature arguing that indirect effects in contingency learning depend on explicit cognitive processes. Our experiments explore the basis of two such effects: blocking and screening off. In Experiment 1, we gave participants...

The atria of 37 patients were paced from selected sites during cardiac surgery. When the atria were paced from endocardial sites low in the right atrium, the P waves in ECG leads II, III, and aVF were shown to be either negative, biphasic, or positive, depending on the site paced. When the endocardial sites were paced, the P-R intervals were, almost without exception, less than 0.12 sec. When t...

Modern learning environments would greatly benefit from a better management of two apparently conflicting goals. On the one hand, in order to support autonomous, self paced, and discovery oriented learning, learners must be offered access to a large amount of information and tools. On the other hand the quantity and variety of the information and tools provided should not overwhelm learners who...

Learning and teaching experiment was designed to incorporate SRS-Student Response System to measure and assess student engagement in higher education for level 5 engineering students. The SRS system was based on getting an immediate student feedback to short quizzes lasting 10 to 15 minutes using Socrative software. The structure of the questions was a blend of true/false, multiple choice and s...

Abstract In the field of medical image diagnostics, automatic glaucoma classification is a daunting task that requires carefully crafted features (Machine Learning) or tuning hyperparameters over huge search space (Deep Learning). this paper, we proposed wavelet scattering based approach extracts from fundus images at different sub-stages, reduces feature using principal component analysis (PCA...

As lifelong statistical learners, humans are remarkably sensitive to the unfolding of elements and events in their surroundings. In the present work, we examine the timecourse of non-local dependency learning using a self-paced moving window display. We expose participants to an artificial grammar of shape sequences and extract processing times, or how long they viewed each shape, over the cour...

Corporations have felt the pressure for fast-paced innovations and knowledge transfer as major driving forces in raising their sustainable competitive advantage and organizational total productivity. Thus, the development of the knowledge community through e-learning is an important strategy in implementing knowledge management policy. This paper illustrates an empirical study with which to con...

We describe an innovative preorientation curriculum (POC) for a Master of Biostatistics (MB) program. The goal the POC is to fill critical skills gaps students entering MB program from heterogeneous backgrounds so they are prepared engage in program’s rigorous, fast-paced training upon arrival. To achieve this goal, we introduce structured approach thinking that forms foundation sound mental ma...

PURPOSE This study aimed (1) to determine whether paced breathing (synchronization of the expiration phase with poling time) would reduce the metabolic rate and dictate a lower rate of perceived exertion (RPE) than does spontaneous breathing and (2) to analyze the effects of paced breathing on poling forces and stride-mechanics organization during roller-ski skating exercises. METHODS Thirtee...