Abstract: Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) and their transformation products become a concern when these compounds are released into the environment. To understand the effects of these pesticides on human health, toxicity of a widely used organophosphorus pesticide, parathion and its transformation products, i.e. paraoxon and 4-nitrophenol, were investigated by using T4 lymphocyte cells and Ha...

DESCRIPTION A 12-year-old girl was referred to the emergency services with a history of consumption of pesticide chlorpyrifos (chlorpyrifos (0,0 diethyl l0 (3,5, tricholoro-2-pyridyl) phosphorothioate)), an organophosphorus compound, followed by multiple episodes of vomiting. On examination, she was conscious. Her pulse rate was 100/min, blood pressure 120/ 80 mmHg, temperature 37°C, and respir...

Chemical contamination of natural and agricultural habitats is an increasing global problem and a major threat to sustainability and human health. Organophosphorus (OP) compounds are one major class of contaminant and can undergo microbial degradation, however, no studies have applied system-wide ecogenomic tools to investigate OP degradation or use metagenomics to understand the underlying mec...

Methods were developed to determine OH reaction rates for medium-weight organophosphorus pesticides in the gas phase. A 57-L chamber was constructed that utilized xenon arc irradiation (>290 nm) to photolyze the OH precursor, methyl nitrite. Experiments were performed at elevated temperatures ranging from 60 to 80 degrees C to minimize wall sorption. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) sampling ...

A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the quantitative detection of the organophosphorus insecticide bromophos-ethyl. Four bromophos-ethyl derivatives (haptens) were synthesized and were coupled to carrier proteins through the pesticide thiophosphate group to use as an immunogen or as a coating antigen. Rabbits were immunized with either one of two haptens co...

Detection of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) is an important challenge in environmental chemistry, because their exposure to humans can cause severe health problems. In the current study, organic nanoparticles (E)-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-diamino-2,3-diazabutadiene were developed using eco-friendly approach which was found be range 15–20 nm. These synthesized species exhibited both U.V. Visible ...

To evaluate the health impact of spraying organophosphorus insecticides (OPs), 34 male sprayers in the mango belt of Malihabad, a small town located 27 km from Lucknow in North India was selected. Plasma butyryl cholinesterase (PBChE) and complete blood count were assessed among sprayers after spraying pesticides and the findings obtained were compared with those determined in a reference group...

The application of ionizing radiation is especially effective advanced oxidation process (AOP) for the removal of organic pollutants from waters and wastes, based on fast reactions with hydroxyl radicals formed as result of radiolysis of water. The reported investigations were carried out with the use of g irradiation from the 60Co source, while for the effective technological applications the ...

Organophosphorus (OP) pesticide poisoning causes significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in the developing world, with upwards of 3 million people poisoned each year. Although OP poisoning is not common in developed countries, recently greater attention has been given to these chemicals because of their similarity to chemical warfare agents. Despite the agricultural use of OP pesticid...