This paper presents a comprehensive steady-state numerical study for an occupant-loaded vehicle seat with internal heating under severe winter conditions. A participant-based postural study showed that the nominal peak occupant seat pressure was 6kPa on the seat cushion, and 2.5kPa on the backrest. Uni-axial compression tests also indicated non-linear stress-strain behaviors in seating. Using a...

The use of airbags into automobiles has significantly improved the safety of the occupants. Unfortunately, when airbags are deployed in the case of a crash, they can also cause fatal injuries if the occupant is a child smaller (in weight) than a typical 6 year old. In response to this, The National Highway Transportation and Safety Administration (NHTSA) has mandated that, starting in the 2006 ...

The purpose of this study is to provide a holistic review two decades research advancement in the indoor environmental quality modelling and indexing field (IEQMI) using bibliometric analysis methods. explicit objectives present are: (1) identifying researchers, institutions, countries (territories), journals with most influence IEQMI topic; (2) investigating hot topics field; (3) thematically ...

This paper presents key elements on which to base the design of a strategy for a particular indoor environment measurement task. Starting from a general strategy for responding to occupant complaints and conducting epidemiological and intervention studies the paper concentrates on selected key elements, with focus on air contaminants. Strategies for grouping of occupants with the purpose of exp...

Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) are one of the most important sustainability technologies for building energy, and the semi-transparent solar cell is one of the most promising photovoltaic systems for building integration because it can generate electricity and is transparent with a range of beneficial optical properties. On the other hand, the utilization of semi-transparent solar cel...

The work described in this paper relates to advanced control systems, specifically designed for heating, ventilation and air conditioning in office buildings. This work specifically focuses on the use of state of the art fan coil units with advanced instrumentation and control. The premise of the work is that control systems can be significantly enhanced by using real-time data from a distribut...

This paper argues that Sulmasy and Sugarman have not succeeded in showing a moral difference between withholding and withdrawing treatment. In particular, they have misunderstood historical entitlement theory, which does not automatically prefer a first occupant by just acquisition.

This paper analyzes two modeling approaches for occupant behaviour in buildings. It compares a purely statistical approach with a multi-agent social simulation based approach. The study concerns the door openings in an office.