The product life cycle of cars is becoming shorter and carmakers constantly introduce new or revised models in their lines, tailored to their customer needs. At the same time, new car model design decisions may have a substantial effect on the cost and revenue drivers. For example, although a new car model configuration with component commonality may lower manufacturing cost, it also hinders in...

To allow testers to know the types of faults they are looking for and to detect fault commonality and criticality, it is important to categorise code defects. The paper reviews testing techniques and taxonomies and considers fault clustering and isolation.

To allow testers to know the types of faults they are looking for and to detect fault commonality and criticality, it is important to categorise code defects. The paper reviews testing techniques and taxonomies and considers fault clustering and isolation.

ion can be defined as “ignoring or hiding details to capture some kind of commonalitybetween different instances” (Free On-line Dictionary of Computing).26 Human Societies: Understanding Observed Social Phenomena713

A central issue in knowledge integration is how to achieve and maintain an optimal trade-off between differentiation and commonalization of knowledge. Too much emphasis on either side aggravates the efficiency of integration. The purpose of this paper is to make an inquiry into the trade-off problem from a particular theoretical perspective called the Activity Domain Theory. Two constructs from...

As product life cycles become shorter and shorter, stakes are higher in terms of sales and profits, making it an imperative for companies to enhance existing product families as much as possible. Redesigning a family of products can become a difficult task when considering the number of variables (products, modules, components, etc.), competing objectives (diversity-commonality, cost-variety, e...

M pressure for low prices paired with customer demand for high product variety presents a considerable dilemma for many manufacturers. Industry practice and research to date suggest that approaches based on component commonality can substantially lower the costs of proliferated product lines, but at the cost of reducing product differentiation and revenues. We analyze a stylized model of a manu...

In this paper, the authors have investigated the effects components commonality and uncertainty in lead time, machine breakdown, etc. in a manufacturing environment. The production is characterized by multiple end items for multi-period and multi-stage dependent demand. The delivery performances, throughput of the finished products and average production time in the system are examined for diff...

The foremost difficulty in making the transition to mass customization is how to offer product variety affordably. The answer to this quandary lies in the successful management of modularity and commonality in the development of products and their production processes. While several platform design techniques have emerged as a means to offer modularity and commonality, they are limited by an in...

The Embassies system [18] turns the web browser model inside out: the client is ultra-minimal, and hence strongly isolates pages and apps; every app carries its own libraries and provides itself OS-like services. A typical Embassies app is 100 MiB of binary code. We have found that the first reaction most people have upon learning of this design is: how can big apps start quickly in such a hars...