BACKGROUND Topical and systemic steroids are the first line of treatment of non infectious inflammatory ocular disease. Immunosuppresants are reserved as a second line treatment. AIM To evaluate the role of Azathioprine (AZA) as a coadyuvant immunosuppressive treatment for non infectious ocular inflammatory diseases (OIDs) resistant to systemic steroid therapy in a retrospective, noncomparati...

vulvar necrotizing fascitis is an uncommon infectious disorder. since the first reported cases almost 100 years, ago, necrotizing fasciitis continues to present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. what usually begins as a subtle infection can become life-threatening. we report two cases of vulvar necrotizing fasciitis, one after posterior colporrhaphy in a woman with four risk factors and t...

Many patients with non-necrotising scleritis can be treated adequately with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or steroids. But, as many of them are young, treatment may present problems if they require high doses of steroids to control the scleral inflammation and then relapse when the dosage is reduced. Five such patients were treated with a combination of steroids and low-dose cyclosporin...

Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) comprises of epicleritis or scleritis, periorbital pain, uveitis, vitreous opacity, and necrotizing retinitis. ARN is very diffi cult to make diagnosis if patient have several complicated ocular diseases and no views on the fundus examination. In this study, a suspicious ARN case reported here who had a left eye sudden visual loss, periorbital pain, uveitis, vitreou...

Ulcerative inflammation of the cornea occurs in the perilimbal cornea, and is associated with autoimmune collagen vascular and arthritic diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis is the most frequent underlying disease. The tendency for peripheral location is due to the distinct morphologic and immunologic characteristics of the limbal conjunctiva, which provides access for circulating immune complexes to...

PURPOSE To describe a new surgical approach for the tectonic reconstruction of the anterior ocular segment and the management of scleral and conjuctival melting. METHODS Case series of patients demonstrating anterior segment anomalies, such as scleral and conjunctival melting. The anterior stromal part of a pre-cut corneal graft for Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSA...

background necrotizing fasciitis is an uncommon severe infection involving the subcutaneous soft tissue, particularly the superficial and often the deep fascia. early diagnosis is of utmost importance since the disease progress rapidly. the present study was conducted to determine clinical, laboratory and therapeutic aspects of necrotizing fasciitis in a group of iranian patients referred to a ...

Introduction: Toxoplasma is a leading cause of posterior uveitis in immunocompetent patients manifesting as a focal posterior retinochoroiditis. It also causes systemic disease with potentially lethal complications. This obligate intracellular parasite has worldwide distribution with an estimated 1 billion people affected. 1 The typical Toxoplasma lesion consists of fluffy gray or white-yellow ...

CASE REPORT A woman in her 70s was referred for a 20-year history of progressive skin disease consisting of annular plaques on her trunk and extremities, atrophic plaques on her legs, and painful subcutaneous nodules on her hands and feet (Fig 1). She complained of mild shortness of breath, polyarthralgias, and numbness and tingling of the lower extremities consistent with a sensory peripheral ...