The distribution and accumulation of nanoparticle dosage in a tumor are important in evaluating the effectiveness of cancer treatment. The cell survival rate can quantify the therapeutic effect, and the survival rates after multiple treatments are helpful to evaluate the efficacy of a chemotherapy plan. We developed a mathematical tumor model based on the governing equations describing the flui...

The buccal mucosa lines the inner cheek, and buccal formulations are placed in the mouth between the upper gingivae (gums) and cheek to treat local and systemic conditions. The buccal route provides one of the potential route for typically large, hydrophilic and unstable proteins, oligonucleotides and polysaccharides, as well as conventional small drug molecules. The oral cavity has been used a...

To meet the quality, affordability, and access challenges of today's health care system, the Institute of Medicine's (IOM's) Crossing the Quality Chasm report described the critical competencies of a twenty-first-century health care system. A growing body of research suggests that the nation's multispecialty group practices most nearly meet the delivery system challenges set forth by the IOM. A...

6.1 pharmacosomes 6.2 neosomes 6.3 discosomes 6.4 pharmacosomes 6.5 nanoparticles 7. Various chemical approaches for ocular drug delivery 7.1 chemical drug delivery system:-7.2 enhancement of permeability by ion pair effect 7.3 soft drug approach

The economic approach of comparative and historical institutional analysis (Aoki 2001, Greif 2006) has virtually never been used in theoretical studies of healthcare incentives. This paper seeks to help fill this gap by exploring the explanatory power of such an approach for understanding incentives in China’s healthcare delivery system. It focuses on positive analysis of why China’s health sys...