New observations and analyses are presented of the opposition effect on mud cracks (mud polygons) on desert playas. The enhanced brightness of the surface near the antisolar point has been previously and correctly ascribed to two sources: shadow-hiding and coherent backscatter. The observations reported here suggest that a third optical mechanism influences the OE: some parts of the mud polygon...

This paper proposes research propositions to study on MMOG and MUD addictions based on their causes – flow state and social interaction. Though previous studies relate MMOG addictions to Internet addictions based on social interactions, this study after examining the underlying theories of Use and Gratification Theory and Flow Theory concludes that what cause MMOG addiction is flow experience n...

In this contribution we propose and study a multicarrier direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (MC DSCDMA) scheme, which employs both time (T)-domain and frequency (F)-domain spreading. We investigate the achievable detection performance in the context of synchronous TF-domain spread MC DS-CDMA, when communicating over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. The performance of ...

Lepidoptera feed at mud puddles, dung, and carrion in a behavior known as puddling. Sodium and sometimes protein are feeding cues, are actively collected, and play a potentially important role in lepidopteran nutritional and mating ecology. We showed that montane butterßy species have feeding preferences among mud, herbivore dung, and carnivore dung, and that these preferences differed among bu...

The phosphorus equilibration pattern and rate bctwecn mud and water was the same in natural Jcnkin sampler cores, in artificial cores, and in bottles in which dredged surface mud was packed by centrifuge. Thus any specific natural physico-chemical or bacteriological layering of the surface muds of lakes is relatively unimportant in phosphorus exchange, Phytoplankton or bacterial cells equilibra...

-In this paper, the microstatistic multi-user detection receiver (MSF-MUD) will be introduced. The output of the MSF-MUD is taken as the sign of the multi-channel non-linear transformation of the output of a bank of matched filters (BMF). In the case of the MSF-MUD, this transformation is done by multi-channel conventional microstatistic filter (MCMF). Because the M-CMF theory has not been avai...

Atmospheric precipitation leads to the increase of moisture in subgrade. The and soil migration subgrade is a key scientific problem evaluating service performance resolving or preventing mud pumping. Using self-developed testing system as well numerical simulation model, detailed study dynamic hydraulic characteristics, water mechanism, fine pumping properties was conducted. results showed tha...

Deep insights into the movability of retained shale oil are great significance to oil. Rock and crude samples were collected from well J174 in Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin. subjected different extraction followed by analysis component extracts, measurement porosity conjunction with nuclear magnetic resonance high-pressure mercury injection analysis. The results these analyses used establish an exp...

BACKGROUND Early diagenetic processes involved in natural organic matter (NOM) oxidation in marine sediments have been for the most part characterized after collecting sediment cores and extracting porewaters. These techniques have proven useful for deep-sea sediments where biogeochemical processes are limited to aerobic respiration, denitrification, and manganese reduction and span over severa...

The discovery of a reo-like virus in cultures of the mud crab Scylla serrata (Forsskål, 1755) is reported here. Since May 2004, in Zhejiang Province, Peoples Republic of China, reo-like virus in mud crabs has reached serious epidemic levels, causing mortality rates exceeding 90%. Beginning in May 2004, moribund crabs from different districts and areas were investigated. By using electron micros...