The military skirmishes over the Bakassi peninsula between Cameroon and Nigeria was as a result of vestiges colonialism discovery large deposits natural resources in area. This study explores violations human rights during conflict. mainly how, when where these abuses were committed, to lesser extent why who committed abuses. adopts qualitative research method from it, historical consolidation ...

A preliminary analysis of the physical training cadets higher military educational institutions showed that programs for professionals in education, special need radical changes. This is due to participation Armed Forces Ukraine hostilities - model and practicality approaches have changed dramatically, conditions preparation them require introduction military-applied sports process professional...

The majority of conflict event datasets rely on media reports as their sole source of information. Because of the various difficulties associated with media reports, it is useful to compare conflict events based on them with those obtained from other observers. A paper published in 2010 by O’Loughlin and colleagues makes a first attempt to do this by using (1) a media-based event dataset and (2...

This paper evaluates our current knowledge about the nature of internal war and some of the research being undertaken to increase this knowledge. There were 380 conflicts in the world in the 19 years following World War II, involving 101 (81 percent) of the 123 independent countries in the world. During this period, there were from 13 to 30 new conflicts each year and an average of 13.6 on-goin...

Researchers, pundits, and policy makers have long debated whether economic interdependence pacifies or provokes conflict among states. Here, I suggest how interdependence can do both. Valuable linkages offer a mechanism for signaling and coercion short of military violence that stands to increase moderate (non-militarized) conflict behavior while reducing more intense conflict or uses of force....

Background Military conflict has been an ongoing determinant of inequitable immunisation coverage in many low- and middle-income countries, yet the impact of conflict on the attainment of global health goals has not been fully addressed. This review will describe and analyse the association between conflict, immunisation coverage and vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) outbreaks, along with...

The limitations of direct military intervention—“hard power”—for achieving foreign policy are increasingly highlighted by international events. Policy makers, military leaders, and intelligence experts now recognise the crucial role of preventive policy approaches—“soft power”—to tackle the multifaceted, upstream causes of conflict and instability. Soft power encompasses diplomacy, development,...

This paper focused on the sustainability of impact Russia-Ukraine conflict military spending NATO allies. As Russia launched a "special operation" in Ukraine February 2022, allies announced their intention to significantly increase response "threat" from Russia. However, under stimulation conflict, it is uncertain whether defense budget spree can be sustained. Based this, this analyzed NATO's c...

This is a new, revised and enlarged edition of Major Caldwell's well-known book on Military Hygiene. It gives a good account of those principles of sanitation which most nearly affect the soldier in his eveiy-day life, whether at home, abroad or in the field. Though primarily written for medical officers of his own Corps it is also hoped that it will be useful to officers of other branches of t...