The reaction between [V(IV)OSO(4)] and the tetradentate N(2)O(2)-donor Schiff base ligand, N,N-bis(o-hydroxybenzaldehyde)phenylenediamine (sal-HBPD), obtained by the condensation of salicylaldehyde and o-phenylenediamine in a molar ratio of 2 : 1 respectively, resulted in the formation of [V(IV)O(sal-HBPD)]. The molecular structure of [V(IV)O(sal-HBPD)] was determined by single crystal X-ray di...

We show in a simple way that for any k,m ∈ N, there exists a tree T such that the number of independent sets of T is congruent to k modulo m. This resolves a conjecture of Wagner (Almost all trees have an even number of independent sets, Electron. J. Combin. 16 (2009), # R93). 1 The number of independent sets in a tree A set of vertices in a graph G is called independent if the set induces no e...

I’m a detail-oriented person, a watchmaker. I like to take things apart, put them back together, and understand exactly how they work. For most of the past 30 years, I have focused (some might say fixated) my attention on clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) and clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). CME, a major endocytic pathway, is involved in the ubiquitous uptake of nutrient–receptor complexes, m...

Growing of bacteria goes along with the insertion of peptidoglycan strands inside the cell wall. Enzymes catalyzing the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan are the targets of various antibiotics like penicillin. Inhibition of peptidoglycan biosynthesis leads to lysis of bacterial cells. However, bacteria have developed resistance mechanisms. Many research groups are still studying the different mecha...

IN HIS NEWS AND ANALYSIS PIECE REPORTING ON THE NEWLY RELEASED FIFTH ASSESSMENT report (AR5) by Working Group I (WGI) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (“A Stronger IPCC Report,” 4 October, p. 23), R. A. Kerr highlights three fundamental conclusions about climate change that were assessed with equal or greater confi dence than in previous IPCC reports. He also points to th...

Temporal relationships between organic carbon production and respiration are not well understood in coral reef ecosystems. We monitored dissolved oxygen (O2) concentrations within the Biosphere 2 coral reef biome over a 3-yr period (1 January 1997–1 January 2000), to calculate daily rates of gross production (P), community respiration (R), and net community production (NCP). P averaged 170 mmol...

Glycosyl halides are a very valuable and versatile group of synthetic intermediates widely used in carbohydrate chemistry for the ready functionalization at the anomeric carbon. Thus, glycosyl halides can be easily converted into O-glycosides, C-glycosides, or glycals via the generation of intermediate anomeric carbocations, radicals, or cabanions. Because of their moderate stability, glycosyl ...

More than five decades ago Bruce Merrifield introduced the idea of automation to organic chemistry through the use of solid supports as an enabling technology that facilitates synthesis as well as work-up. The age of combinatorial chemistry popularized solid-phase-assisted synthesis, but also paved the way for new enabling technologies and technical devices such as liquid-handling systems, radi...

More than a year ago, celebration of the milestone 65th birthday of University of Arizona Regents’ Professor Emeritus Victor J. Hruby, and Editor-in-Chief of this journal since 1988, marked the first stage in planning this special issue, together with the first Hruby Symposium on Chemical Biology (Tucson, October 30, 2004) and establishment of an endowment for future Hruby Symposia and a Fellow...