The need for robust pronunciation annotation over out-of-vocabulary (OOV) words has been increasing with the development of an application that deals with proper nouns and brand-new words, such as Voice Search. In robust pronunciation annotation over OOV words, the alignment between graphemes and phonemes is vital data. For a many-to-many alignment algorithm between graphemes and phonemes, we d...

Hubs are special facilities that serve as switching, transshipment and sorting points in many-to-many distribution systems. The hub location problem is concerned with locating hub facilities and allocating demand nodes to hubs in order to route the traffic between origin–destination pairs. In this paper we classify and survey network hub location models. We also include some recent trends on hu...

To help improve the reliability of spreadsheets created by end users, we are working to allow users to communicate the purpose and other underlying information about their spreadsheets, using a form of requirement specifications we call “guards.” For large spreadsheets with replicated/shared formulas across groups of rows or columns, guards can only be practical if users can enter them across t...

In the near future... Imagine a businessman preparing for a trip to some western metropolis to meet a customer. As usually, he organizes his trip via the World Wide Web checking how to get to his destination, finding reasonable accommodation and investigating things to do in his free time. To keep himself occupied during his journey, he might listen to his music collection while surfing the mob...

Objective: In Mwanza region, an HIV/STD intervention program has been in progress in the rural population since 1991. The information in this study was gathered to increase understanding about lay concepts of sexually transmitted diseases and to provide information to inform HIV/AIDS/STD interventions. Methods: During a rapid ethnographic survey, 4 investigators conducted more than 100 intervie...

Recently four different papers have suggested that the supervaluational solution to the Problem of the Many is flawed. Stephen Schiffer (1998, 2000a,b) has argued that the theory cannot account for reports of speech involving vague singular terms. Vann McGee and Brian McLaughlin (2000) say that theory cannot, yet, account for vague singular beliefs. Neil McKinnon (2002) has argued that we canno...