BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Pathogen reduction technologies are among methods to eliminate transfusion transmitted infections. Mirasol method using riboflavin in combination with ultraviolet rays is one of them. The aims of this study were to investigate the effectiveness of Mirasol method to inactivate some model pathogens as well as examination of the sensitivity of plasma proteins after treatm...

Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter-specific bacteriophage were enumerated from broiler chicken ceca selected from 90 United Kingdom flocks (n = 205). C. jejuni counts in the presence of bacteriophage (mean log(10) 5.1 CFU/g) were associated with a significant (P < 0.001) reduction compared to samples with Campylobacter alone (mean log(10) 6.9 CFU/g).

The paper shows a logspace-reduction from the boolean circuit value problem which demonstrates that any relation subsuming bisimilarity and being subsumed by trace preorder (i.e., language inclusion) is ptime-hard, even for finite acyclic labelled transition systems. This reproves and substantially extends the result of Balcázar, Gabarró and Sántha (1992) for bisimilarity.

We develop a multigrid, multiple time stepping scheme to reduce computational efforts for calculating complex stress interactions in a strike-slip 2D planar fault for the simulation of seismicity. The key elements of the multilevel solver are separation of length scale, grid-coarsening, and hierarchy. In this study the complex stress interactions are split into two parts: the first with a small...

Universal algebra has proven to be a useful tool in the study of constraint satisfaction problems (CSP) since the complexity, up to logspace reductions, is determined by the clone of the constraint language. But two CSPs corresponding to the same clone may still differ substantially with respect to worst-case time complexity, which makes clones ill-suited when comparing running times of CSP pro...

This paper describes an efficient reduction of the learning problem of ranking to binary classification. As with a recent result of Balcan et al. [6], the reduction guarantees an average pairwise misranking regret of at most 2r using a binary classifier with regret r. However, our reduction applies to a broader class of ranking loss functions, admits a simpler proof, and the expected running ti...

We show that the radio broadcast problem is Ω(log n)-inapproximable unless NP ⊆ BPTIME(nO(log logn)). This is the first result on the hardness of approximation of this problem. Our reduction is based on the reduction from the Label-Cover problem to the Set Cover problem due to Lund and Yannakakis [LY94], and uses some new ideas. Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, US...

We investigated the effects of a pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment on microbial inactivation and the physical properties of low-fat milk. Milk inoculated with Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or Lactobacillus brevis was supplied to a pilot-scale PEF treatment system at a flow rate of 30 L/h. Pulses with an electric field strength of 10 kV/cm and a pulse width of 30 μs were applie...

Red muscadine (Vitis rotundifolia Michx.) juices with natural organic, phenolic acids and polyphenol compounds were tested against Cronobacter sakazakii. The concentration of total phenolic compounds of commercial baby juices ranged from 176.7 to 347.7 mg/mL. Commercial baby juices showed poor antimicrobial activity, reducing less than 1-log of C. sakazakii in juice samples for 2 h at 37 degree...

The relationship between the herbicidal activity of a number of novel 1,2,5-oxadiazole N-oxides and some physicochemical properties potentially related with this bioactivity, such as polarity, molecular volume, proton acceptor ability, lipophilicity, and reduction potential were studied. The semiempirical molecular orbital method AM1 was used to calculate theoretical descriptors such as dipolar...