BACKGROUND There is evidence that children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have lower omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) levels compared with controls and conflicting evidence regarding omega-6 (n-6) PUFA levels. OBJECTIVES This study investigated whether erythrocyte n-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic ...

In the United States, intake of n-3 fatty acids is approximately 1.6 g/d ( approximately 0.7% of energy), of which 1.4 g is alpha-linolenic acid (ALA; 18:3) and 0.1-0.2 g is eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6). The primary sources of ALA are vegetable oils, principally soybean and canola. The predominant sources of EPA and DHA are fish and fish oils. Intake da...

The two marine omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), prevalent in fish and fish oils, have been investigated as a strategy towards prophylaxis of atherosclerosis. While the results with fish and fish oils have been not as clear cut, the data generated with the purified ethyl ester forms of these two fatty acids are consistent. Although slight difference...

Marine microalgae such as Pavlova and Isochrysis produce abundant amounts of the omega3-PUFAs (polyunsaturated fatty acids), EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid, 20:5n-3) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6n-3). The pathway leading to the conversion of EPA into DHA in these lower eukaryotes is not well established although it is predicted to involve an elongation step, catalysed by an elongating enzyme ...

The nitrogen isotope ratio (δ(15)N) of RBCs has been proposed as a biomarker of marine food intake in Yup'ik people based on strong associations with RBC eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). However, EPA and DHA derive from marine fats, whereas elevated δ(15)N derives from marine protein, and these dietary components may have different biologic effects. Whether δ(15)N is ...

The effects of altering the type of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in the mouse diet on the ability of monocytes and neutrophils to perform phagocytosis were investigated. Male weanling mice were fed for 7 d on one of nine diets which contained 178 g lipid/kg and which differed in the type of n-3 PUFA and in the position of these in dietary triacylglycerol (TAG). The control diet contain...

Production of omega-3 fatty acids from lemuru fish by-products was studied by enzymatic hydrolysis using a lipase enzyme in one liter the batch reactor. The temperature oil set at 45 to 55 ℃ for 0 24 h, whereas agitation 50 150 rpm. RSM-Box Bhenken used study effect these parameters on (EPA, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and α-linolenic (ALA)) content. % free (FFA), index, peroxide iodine saponif...

Hypertension is often characterised by impaired vasodilation involving dysfunction of multiple vasodilatory mechanisms. ?-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) can reduce blood pressure vasodilation. In the endothelium, DHA EPA improve function including increased NO bioavailability. However, animal studies show that DHA- EPA-mediated persi...

The omega-3 fatty acid (n-3 FA) eicosapentaenoic (EPA) reduces stroke in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Whether EPA affects or cerebral small vessel dis-ease atrial fibrillation (AF) remains uncertain. EPA, docosahexaenoic (DHA), docosapentaenoic (DPA), and alpha-linolenic (ALA) were determined by gas chromatography 1657 AF from the Swiss Atrial Fibrillation study. All un...

BACKGROUND Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation has beneficial cardiovascular effects, but postprandial influences of these individual fatty acids are unclear. OBJECTIVES The primary objective was to determine the vascular effects of EPA + DHA compared with DHA only during postprandial lipemia relative to control high-oleic acid meals; the secondary obje...