1 Institut de Recherche pour le Dé veloppement (IRD), Institut d’Ecologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement de Paris (IEES-P), UMR 7618, 46 Rue d’Ulm, 75230 Paris CEDEX 05, France 2 Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Institut d’Ecologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement de Paris (IEES-P), UMR 7618, 46 Rue d’Ulm, 75230 Paris CEDEX 05, France 3 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique...

H1sISORCeAI.-IThe classificationi of bone tumours ha(d becn very unsatisfactory il) to the beginninof the last (leca(le. In 1920 Dr. Ewing-, in conju-1nction \vith I)octo-rs (odlmnan and( Blood--'ood, forimle(d a registry of bone sarcomat in America. In 921 this registry w,as a(lopted by tlle American College of Surgeons. The followiiois the classificatioin of bone tuLmoursi; a(dopted(l b the r...

Rising international trade flows are a primary component of globalization. The liberalization of trade policy in many developing countries has helped foster the growth of these flows. Preceding and concurrent with this move to free trade, there has been a global movement toward democracy. We argue that these two trends are related: democratization of the political system reduces the ability of ...

The extracytoplasmic function sigma factor AlgU of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for alginate overproduction, leading to mucoidy and chronic infections of cystic fibrosis patients. We investigated here the role of AlgU in the formation of nonmucoid biofilms. The algU mutant of P. aeruginosa PAO1 (PAOU) showed a dramatic impairment in biofilm formation under dynamic conditions. PAOU was ...

The spliceosome, a sophisticated molecular machine involved in the removal of intervening sequences from the coding sections of eukaryotic genes, appeared and subsequently evolved rapidly during the early stages of eukaryotic evolution. The last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA) had both complex spliceosomal machinery and some spliceosomal introns, yet little is known about the early stages of ...

The root of the eukaryote tree of life defines some of the most fundamental relationships among species. It is also critical for defining the last eukaryote common ancestor (LECA), the shared heritage of all extant species. The unikont-bikont root has been the reigning paradigm for eukaryotes for more than 10 years but is becoming increasingly controversial. We developed a carefully vetted data...

BACKGROUND Pseudomonas aeruginosa adhesion to animal/human cells for infection establishment involves adhesive proteins, including its galactose- and fucose-binding lectins PA-IL (LecA) and PA-IIL (LecB). The lectin binding to the target-cell receptors may be blocked by compatible glycans that compete with those of the receptors, functioning as anti-adhesion glycodecoys. The anti-adhesion treat...

Macrocycle-based glycoclusters, on account of their promising anti-adhesive properties against bacteria, are potential therapeutic alternatives to classic antibiotics through the much less explored strategy. In this study, a series constitutionally-pure pentavalent glycoclusters was prepared by conjugating assorted azido-carbohydrates onto penta-propargyl rim-differentiated pillar[5]arene (RD-P...

Who is Balthasar Hacquet (1739-1815)? A universal man and Enlightenment figure, was a physician, surgeon, geologist, mineralogist, botanist, fascinated by plants animals, chemist, karstologist, palaeontologist, as well ethnographer, ethnologist anthropologist. The present study prompted the fact that between 1788 1789, travelled through Bukovina, recently occupied Austrians, recording facts giv...