Adipose tissue lipolysis produces glycerol and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) that serve as energy sources during nutrient scarcity. Adipose tissue lipolysis is tightly regulated and excessive lipolysis causes hepatic steatosis, as NEFA released from adipose tissue constitutes a major source of TG in the liver of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases. Here we show that the liver-enr...

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is an orexigenic neuropeptide that plays a role in regulating adiposity by promoting energy storage in white adipose tissue and inhibiting brown adipose tissue activation in mammals. This review describes mechanisms underlying NPY's effects on adipose tissue energy metabolism, with an emphasis on cellular proliferation, adipogenesis, lipid deposition, and lipolysis in white...

The number of studies in the field of adipose tissue biology has increased exponentially over the last decade. This shift in research focus is primarily driven by the tremendous increase in the prevalence of obesity and related chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetesmellitus. Adipose tissue is a fascinating and complex organ, with marked effects on whole-body phys...

Adipose tissues are closely connected with the immune system. It has been suggested that metabolic syndromes such as type 2 diabetes, arteriosclerosis and liver steatosis can be attributed to adipose tissue inflammation characterized by macrophage infiltration. To understand a physiological and pathological role of natural killer T (NKT) cells on inflammation in adipose tissue, we characterized...

OBJECTIVE Lipotoxicity and ectopic fat deposition reduce insulin signaling. It is not clear whether excess fat deposition in nonadipose tissue arises from excessive fatty acid delivery from adipose tissue or from impaired adipose tissue storage of ingested fat. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS To investigate this we used a whole-body integrative physiological approach with multiple and simultaneou...

The aim of this research was to investigate the changes in milk yield and its composition, fatty acid profile and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gamma (PPARG) gene expression in adipose tissue of Iranian Holstein cattle in response to feeding isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets but formulated based on different oilseeds (soybean or canola seeds). Twenty cows were tested ra...

Experiments were performed to determine whether central endocrine or neural regulation is primarily involved with the development of endocrine responses in fetal adipose tissue metabolism. Fetuses within one uterine horn were either decapitated (decap) or spinally cauterized at 45 d of gestation, with fetuses in the other horn serving as sham controls (intact). Fetuses were removed by cesarean ...

Effect of High Fat Diet and Endurance Training on the Gene Expression Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum ATPase2 (SERCA2) Ryanodine Receptor2 (RYR2) under Near-Thermoneutrality in Inguinal Adipose Tissue Mice