The effects of acute (single) and chronic (21-day) administration of haloperidol (HAL), chlorpromazine (CPZ), or clozapine (CLOZ) on components of the phosphoinositide (PI)-signaling pathway were studied in rat brain. Chronic administration of HAL decreased protein kinase C (PKC) activity and mRNA and protein levels of PKC alpha and epsilon isozymes in both membrane and cytosol fractions of cor...

Electrophoresis as such has been applied for many purposes, among these, analysis of isozymes or isoenzymes. As the designation indicates, this is a group of enzymes having the same catalytic ability, i.e. they catalyse the same chemical reaction. Due to the fact that enzymes are proteins and built from amino acids, they possess an electric change so isozymes are enzymes with the same catalytic...

The circulating half-lives of the four isozymes of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNases A, B, C, and D) have been determined in normal and in nephrectomized rats. The isozymes differ only in their glycosyl content. While A contains no sugars, B has a simple oligosaccharide (GlcNAc2 Man4-5),and C and D each have a complex oligosaccharide (GlcNAc4 Man 2-3 Gal2 Fuc NeuAc2, and GlcNAc4 Man3 Gal2 ...

SUMMARY Regioselectivity-WebPredictor (RS-WebPredictor) is a server that predicts isozyme-specific cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated sites of metabolism (SOMs) on drug-like molecules. Predictions may be made for the promiscuous 2C9, 2D6 and 3A4 CYP isozymes, as well as CYPs 1A2, 2A6, 2B6, 2C8, 2C19 and 2E1. RS-WebPredictor is the first freely accessible server that predicts the regioselectivity of...

The functions of the retinoblastoma protein (pRb) are in part regulated by reversible and cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation. While the regulation of pRb by cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) has been studied extensively, the role(s) of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) in controlling pRb are only partially understood. In this chapter, we will describe experimental approaches to investigate the intera...

An electrophoretic transfer technique was developed for the specific identification of isozymes of starch debranching enzyme, alpha-amylase, and beta-amylase. Amylolytic enzymes are separated by native polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis and proteins in gels are electrophoretically transferred through starch-containing polyacrylamide gels. Each amylolytic enzyme degrades starch in the trans...

Dominant markers, such as RAPDs and ISSRs, have become popular in molecular studies in recent years. As an alternative to isozymes, these types of markers are especially attractive given their hypervariable nature, the vast numbers of loci that can be examined, and the small amount of fresh or dried material used per sample. However, one significant limitation is that in population genetic stud...