In the past year, knowledge and innovation management have acquired increasing relevance in organizations. In the last decade, open innovation strategy, and in particular, crowdsourcing innovation model has also gained increasing importance. This model is seen as a new innovation model, capable of accelerating the innovation process. Therefore, it is important to understand how organizations ca...

Foreword I said in my foreword to the Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge/PACEC's first working paper 1 that intellectual property (IP) wasn't everything. And I believe that. Our universities and colleges, their staff and students, have enormous potential to serve society and support the economy in a huge variety of ways, many based on people and relationships not IP. But IP m...

Keywords: protection of intellectual property rights, European Union, integrationof Ukraine and the EU, enforcement property, copyright protection
 The modern development EU law in2017-2022 is studied. active role Commission in analysing effectivenessof acts determining plans for sphere intellectualproperty noted. Attention drawn to expediency usingEuropean documents within framework integ...

The role of institutions in mediating the use of intellectual property rights has long been neglected in debates over the economics of intellectual property. In a path-breaking work, Rob Merges studied what he calls "collective rights organizations," industry groups that collect intellectual property rights from owners and license them as a package. Merges finds that these organizations ease so...

The performance evaluation of mobile packet switching networks is nowadays an important topic in mobile communications. In the INTERNET, a classical packet switching environment, a hierarchical approach to the mobility management problem has been followed, focusing mainly on macro-level and micro-level mobility: while MOBILE IP provides a good framework for allowing users to roam between domain...

The communication paradigm has rapidly shifted from wireless mobile networks to All-Internet Protocol (IP) networks such as Multimedia Sub-system (IMS), Multi-Media Domain (MMD), and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), led by service industry leaders and communication manufacturers. This emerging communication paradigm is to provide new various services, such as ubiquitous ...

IP networks were designed to provide general connectivity. At their advent, routing methods focused only on finding one optimal path between given endpoints. Although many solutions to sending traffic via multiple paths have appeared over time, the majority of current IP networks are still managed to support only single-path transmissions. This survey examines various approaches which can provi...

Transport networks are currently being moved towards a model of high performance Internet Protocol/Multiprotocol Label Switching (IP/MPLS) routers interconnected through intelligent core networks. Currently, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) technology has been widely deployed in several network backbones along with the Private Network-toNetwork Interface (PNNI) protocols as the control plane. I...

Developing and delivering appropriate, affordable, well-adapted medicines for HIV/AIDS remains an urgent challenge: as first-line therapies fail, increasing numbers of people require costly second-line therapy; one-third of ARVs are not available in pediatric formulations; and certain key first- and second-line triple fixed-dose combinations do not exist or sufficient suppliers are lacking. UNI...