The ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of L,L-lactide (L-LA) has been studied in bulk using alcohol (either methanol or benzyl alcohol) and 1,3,4-triphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylidene carbene, 1, respectively as initiator and non-organometallic catalyst, over a range of temperature and alcohol-to-1 molar ratios. Although 1 is known to perfectly control the polymerization of L-LA in so...

We examine effects on primordial nucleosynthesis from a truly random spatial distribution in the baryon-to-photon ratio (η). We generate stochastic fluctuation spectra characterized by different spectral indices and root-mean-square fluctuation amplitudes. For the first time we explicitly calculate the effects of baryon diffusion on the nucleosynthesis yields of such stochastic fluctuations. We...

By the example of a mathematical model of a biochemical process, the structural instability of dynamical systems is studied by calculating the full spectrum of Lyapunov indices with the use of the generalized Benettin algorithm. For the reliability of the results obtained, the higher Lyapunov index determined with the orthogonalization of perturbation vectors by the Gram– Schmidt method is comp...

A flat-layered active medium in which two types of layers with different refractive indices alternate is considered. The thickness of a layer is assumed to be random and large as compared to the wavelength of propagating radiation. A wave propagating along the normal to the layers in such a medium is exponentially enhanced over lengths of the order of many layer thicknesses. In contrast to the ...

Stress can exert adverse effect on cardiovascular health. Psychosocial stress adversely affects the autonomic homeostasis. This in turn can result in metabolic abnormalities, inflammation and dysfunction of endothelium [1]. Changes in the autonomic homeostasis can be a major trigger for ventricular tachyarrhythmias [2]. Increased sympathetic nervous activity can cause increased proarrhythmic re...

A common assertion in the defense literature is that an unstable budget baseline contributes to cost overruns on defense acquisition contracts. Using cost performance data from over 400 defense acquisition contracts, we tested this assertion. The stability of the baseline was characterized by the number of significant changes to the budget, and by a statistical measure of the baseline's variabi...

Power system normal form analysis has developed coefficients and indices in modal coordinates to quantify nonlinear model interactions. The coefficients can become very large near a strong, nondiagonalizable resonance occurring in the power system linearization. Moreover, the changes in the coefficients when the power system equations are expressed in different coordinates or units show that th...

The replicated field theory of the random field Ising model involves the couplings of replicas of different indices. The resulting correlation functions involve a superposition of different types of long distance behaviours. However the n = 0 limit allows one to discuss the renormalization group properties in spite of this phenomenon. The attraction of pairs of replicas is enhanced under renorm...

Tumour markers are molecules occurring in blood or tissue that are associated with cancer and whose measurement or identification is useful in patient diagnosis or clinical management. The ideal marker would occur only in patients with malignancy, and would correlate with stage and response to treatment, however, to date there are few reliable prognostic markers in colorectal cancer (CRC), cons...

The paper deals with the results of the studies aimed to validate the criterion of prediction of human tolerance to longitudinal tailward accelerations on the basis of structural changes in cardiac rhythm recorded directly during exposure. The experiments have been done on centrifuge with recording the sequences of cardiac intervals at rest and each stage of exposure with successively increasin...