On the eve of World War I, western peripheries Russian Empire were home to diasporas officials, military men and their families. Being isolated from local communities but at same time highly hierarchically organised, they functioned solely within own circle. Everyone knew one another most intimate detail. Nevertheless, private lives often failed meet requirements imposed on officials residing i...

each society requires a kind of management according to its structure and attainment of the goals it has been planned for. the idea of management is not new. long time ago, human had noticed the necessity of using all the facilities and leading them towards scheduled ideals. the kind of managing and leading the society depends on the cultural structure of it. so the way of management and intern...

This article investigates the influence of lobbying, electoral incentives, and US state governors’ party affiliation on environmental expenditures. A theoretical framework is presented, emphasizing potential impact lobbying from interest groups policies. The major causal link for expenditures depends governor’s political preferences. Implementing a regression discontinuity design (RDD), we iden...

The research explored the role of political leadership in response to novel coronavirus (COVID-19). researchers conducted a discourse analysis on 239 transcripts from press briefings President Trump and seven U.S. governors determine extent which subjects used effective crisis communication. These results suggest that Governors DeSantis, DeWine, Ducey, Ivey are particularly vulnerable fallout f...

Economics of education which investigates economic issues related to education - presents a framework which leads to better schedules and policy-making. On the other hand, the concept of competitiveness has drawn increasing attention of both scholars and governors in the past decade. The World Economic Forum (WEF) has published Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) in order to measure national com...

Abstract This article presents a study of the careers French colonial governors between 1830 and 1960. We consider empires as by-product social entities structuring themselves. Specifically, we analyze process emergence this professional group with respect to other groups within imperial space metropolitan space, building on concept linked ecologies. Using data career 637 1960, examine how vari...

OBJECTIVE To know the opinions of trainee ophthalmologists on ways to improve cataract surgical rate (CSR) with a view to having insight into actions that should be of high priority for achieving this improvement. METHODS A survey of 27 trainee ophthalmologists using structured self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS Most trainees had a positive view about actions towards raising CSR: Stru...