Due to constantly increasing antibiotic resistance of pathogens and participation of the biofilms they make in various types of infections, a development of alternative therapeutic strategies becomes an urgent need. Taking advantage of the biological activity of plant-derived compounds can solve this problem. In this study antimicrobial, including those synergistic with classic antibiotics, and...

Polyphenols, antioxidant potential and color of three types of fortified Madeira wines were evaluated during the accelerated ageing, named as estufagem. The traditional estufagem process was set to 45 °C for 3 months. Overheating conditions, 1 month at 70 °C, were also examined. Total polyphenols (TP), total monomeric anthocyanins (TMA) and total flavonoids (TF) were assessed by spectrophotomet...

Continuous cropping changes soil physiochemical parameters, enzymes and microorganism communities, causing "replant problem" in strawberry cultivation. We hypothesized that soil nematode community would reflect the changes in soil conditions caused by long-term continuous cropping, in ways that are consistent and predictable. To test this hypothesis, we studied the soil nematode communities and...

Anthocyanins are being increasingly investigated for their neuroprotective and antineuroinflammatory effects; however, the overall bioavailability of many anthocyanins is relatively low. In contrast, phenolic acids, metabolites of many polyphenols, including anthocyanins, have been shown to accumulate in tissue at higher concentrations than those of parent compounds, suggesting that these metab...

Chemical defences against predators are widespread in the animal kingdom although have been seldom reported in birds. Here, we investigate the possibility that the orange liquid that nestlings of an insectivorous bird, the Eurasian roller (Coracias garrulus), expel when scared at their nests acts as a chemical defence against predators. We studied the diet of nestling rollers and vomit origin, ...

Cyanide-resistant, alternative respiration in Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Xanthi-nc was analyzed in liquid suspension cultures using O(2) uptake and calorimetric measurements. In young cultures (4-8 d after transfer), cyanide inhibited O(2) uptake by up to 40% as compared to controls. Application of 20 mum salicylic acid (SA) to young cells increased cyanide-resistant O(2) uptake within 2 h. Develo...

Soil phenolic acids mainly come from crop residue and root exudates, which are often reported as allelochemicals affecting growth soil microbial community. Here, two acid compounds, p-hydroxyphenylacetic (HPA) p-hydroxybenzoic (HBA) were amended to the soils incubated under room conditions, samples collected soybean corn fields separately. The community was determined by PCR-DGGE (polymerase ch...

Triticosecale "Bilinda" (cultivar was bred in the laboratories of Leningrad Research Agriculture Institute, Branch Russian Potato Centre, Province) contains a large number polyphenolic compounds which are biologically active components. The purpose this work to conduct comparative metabolomic study extracts cultivar seeds harvested at different stages maturation. To identify target analytes HPL...

Gut microbiota bioconversion of polyphenols in predigested mango ‘Ataulfo’ peel was studied using a validated, dynamic vitro human colon model (TIM-2) with faecal microbial inoculum. Dried peels were enzymatic treatment, followed by TIM-2 fermentation (72 h). Samples taken at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h analyzed HPLC-QToF. Derivatives hydroxyphenylpropionic, hydroxyphenylacetic hydroxybenzoic acids, as ...

Capillary zone electrophoresis with indirect UV detection at 254 nm was found to be suitable for the determination of organic acids and phosphate in aqueous extracts of soil. The best support electrolyte solution was found to be 10 mM p-hydroxybenzoic acid with 0.5 mM tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide to reverse electroosmotic flow. This methodology was tested with 9 analytes found in soils: ...