Well-known ‘routing hole’ problem of geographic routing is hardly avoided in wireless sensor networks because of various actual geographical environments. Existing geographic routing protocols use perimeter routing strategies to find a detour path around the boundary of holes when they encounter the localminimum during greedy forwarding. However, this solution may lead to uneven energy consumpt...

We investigated the potential contribution of ice-marginal environments to the microbial communities of cryoconite holes, small depressions filled with meltwater that form on the surface of Forni Glacier (Italian Alps). Cryoconite holes are considered the most biologically active environments on glaciers. Bacteria can colonize these environments by short-range transport from ice-marginal enviro...

Between November 2009 and September 2011, 12 patients (6 women, 6 men) undergoing continuous peritoneal dialysis (PD) or automated PD developed puncture-like holes in the PD catheter near the interface of the adapter with the superior aspect of the Silastic PD catheter The adapter is used to connect the PD catheter to the PD transfer set. Over the course of 23 months, the 12 patients presented ...

objective: we measured concept of bridging social capital by a new tool . all items used in the scale are in agreement with the theoretical literature on this concept. method: the research method was survey. the sample population was 376 students of isfahan university which were sampled through cluster sampling of multiple stages. after making a list and confirming the validity of questions by ...

in order to study some theories about nonsuperconductivity of prba2cu3o7, based on the density functional theory and with apw+lo/lapw method some calculations for prba2cu3o7 (pr123) and yba2cu3o7 (y123) were performed. the lsda+u approximation was used for pr(4f) orbitals and the effect of changing upr on the band structure, pr(4f)-dos, distribution of electrons on the planes and chains, and pr...

Clavicle fractures account for 2.6% to 4% of all fractures. Surgical stabilization of this type of injury is becoming more common. Anterior inferior plating and superior plating are 2 popular approaches to open reduction and internal fixation. Reports of plate removal have raised concerns about reinjury. The goal of the current study was to determine whether the orientation of screw holes in cl...

We study a proper subset of polyominoes, called polygonal polyominoes, which are defined to be self-avoiding polygons containing any number of holes, each of which is a self-avoiding polygon. The staircase polygon subset, with staircase holes, is also discussed. The internal holes have no common vertices with each other, nor any common vertices with the surrounding polygon. There are no ‘holes-...