A/Taiwan/1/86 is representative of newly emerged antigenic variants of influenza A(H1N1) viruses which are readily distinguishable from all previous A(H1N1) isolates. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the haemagglutinin HA1 coding region of A/Taiwan/1/86 suggests that this virus has evolved from viruses circulating in the Hong Kong region in 1982 to 1983. The considerable alteration in antigenici...

Analysis of the anti-haemagglutinin serum antibody proteome from six H1N1pdm09 influenza A vaccinated subjects demonstrated restricted IgG1 heavy chain species encoded by IGHV5-51 and IGHV3-7 gene families in 2 subjects and either IGHV5-51 or IGHV3-7 in 4 individuals. All subjects exhibited a dominant IGKV3-20 light chain, however 5 subjects also exhibited IGKV3-11 and IGKV4-1 families. Sequenc...

Various studies have been made on the antibody response in smallpox. In some of these haemagglutinin inhibition tests (HI) have been used for measurement of antibody (Collier & Schonfeld, 1950) in others, complement-fixation tests (CFT), precipitation tests (pt.) and HI tests (Herrlich, Mayr & Mahnel, 1959) or CF, HI and neutralization tests (Downie & McCarthy, 1958). In the present study, all ...

The 'fusion peptides' of a group of enveloped viruses that includes influenza, paramyxo-, retro-and filo-viruses are N-terminal regions of their membrane fusion proteins generated by cleavage of non-functional precursors. For the influenza membrane fusion protein, haemagglutinin (HA), the three-dimensional structures of precursor HA, cleaved HA and fusion-activated HA show that the fusion pepti...

243 Introduction 474 Discussion 1165 Non standard abbreviations: AMY, amylin receptor phenotype; CGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide; CLR, calcitonin receptor-like receptor; CT, calcitonin; CTR, calcitonin receptor; GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor; HA, haemagglutinin epitope tag; hCT, human calcitonin; RAMP, receptor activity modifying protein; rAmy, rat amylin; sCT, salmon calcitonin; TMD, ...