Values have very important functions in any society. The significance  becomes so clear when a society has been exposed to changes and strengthening social cohesion is viewed as an essential subject. Great changes as the Islamic Revolution and the Imposed War have been happened in Iran during last several decades. In this line, generations can be understood via  direct or indirect experience of...

This study compared the effect of information gap and opinion gap tasks on introvert and extrovert EFL learners’ speaking. Accordingly, 138 learners out of 180 intermediate learners were chosen through their scores on a sample Preliminary English Test (PET). These learners further responded to the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) which categorized them into introverts and extroverts. Altoget...

Providing clean water and sufficient affordable energy to all without compromising the environment is a key priority in the scientific community. Many recent studies have focused on carbon-based devices in the hope of addressing this grand challenge, justifying and motivating detailed studies of water in contact with carbonaceous materials. Such studies are becoming increasingly important becau...

Introduction The Millennium Development Goals laid out an ambitious agenda to improve living standards in poor countries. Now, with the Sustainable Development Goals, world leaders are aiming to set a broader agenda for 2015 and beyond: a set of universal goals that engages countries at all income levels to ensure the long-term well-being of humankind. Put another way, while the MDGs aimed to l...

There has emerged in the Western economies a strong nexus between the credit risks of fi nancial sectors and their sovereigns. We argue that this phenomenon can be understood in the context of two debt overhang problems: one affecting the fi nancial sector due to its under-capitalisation following the crisis of 2007-08; the second, affecting the non-fi nancial sector, whose incentives are crowd...

BACKGROUND In the wake of collapse of the Soviet Union, Central Asia has transformed into a key hub along the Afghan opiates trafficking routes. Around 30 percent of the heroin manufactured in Afghanistan is estimated to be smuggled through Central Asian republics in its way to booming drug markets in Russia and Eastern Europe. METHODS Building upon available evidence and extensive fieldwork ...

In this paper we develop a bubble tree structure for a degenerating class of Riemannian metrics satisfying some global conformal bounds on compact manifolds of dimension 4. Applying the bubble tree structure, we establish a gap theorem, a finiteness theorem for diffeomorphism type for this class, and make a comparison of the solutions of the σk equations on a degenerating family of Bach flat me...

Course Catalogue Description: Sample spaces, counting, random variables and their distributions , expected value, central limit theorem. Estimation and confidence intervals, hypothesis tests, analysis of variance and regression. MAT 421 does not count towards the Mathematics or Applied Mathematics major or minor. Cannot be taken for credit after successfully completing MAT 521. Course Descripti...