Objective: Fungal agents cause disease in virtually any susceptible hosts. In the poultry production and medicine, pathogens were eliminated from a line of a breeder by injection of antifungals into hatching eggs. There is little information available describing the safety of the antifungal drugs on the birds embryonated eggs. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficiency of the...

Objective: In recent years, antiviral drugs have been used widely in the glob to prevent and treat viral diseases. They injected into eggs to eliminate pathogens and prevent of egg transmission of disease, but the adverse effects of drugs have always been a major concern. There is little information available about the safety of antiviral drugs in the embryonated eggs of birds. The objective of...

Infectious agents cause disease in virtually any susceptible hosts. In the poultry production and medicine, pathogens were eliminated from a line of a breeder by injection of antibiotics into hatching eggs. There is little information available describing the safety of the folate antimetabolite/sulfonamide class of antibiotics on the game birds embryonated eggs. The objective of this study was ...

The success and sustainability of an avian breeding programme depend on managing productive and unproductive pairs. Given that each breeding season can be of immeasurable importance, it is critical to resolve pair fertility issues quickly. Such problems are traditionally diagnosed through behavioural observations, egg lay history and hatch rates, with a decision to re-pair generally taking one ...

This study deals with the effects of different hatcher temperatures on hatching traits in modern commercial broiler eggs during the last five days of incubation. The hatching eggs were obtained from a 52wk old (Ross 308) flock. All eggs were distributed randomly into one incubator and incubated for 17 d using uniform conditions (37.6 ± 0.5 °C and 58% relative humidity). At the start of 18 days ...

"Furunculosis," a highly infectious disease of the Salmonidae caused by Bacterium salmonicida Lehmann and Neumann (Emmerich and Weibel, 1894; Lehmann and Neumann, 1920; Marsh, 1902; Williamson, 1928; Mackie, et al., 1930; Duff and Stewart, 1933; Fish, 1937), received its name from the boillike lesions that occur in the musculature of the infected fish. The "furuncles'" often break through the s...

Sex allocation studies seek to ascertain whether mothers manipulate offspring sex ratio prior to ovulation. To do so, DNA for molecular sexing should be collected as soon after conception as possible, but instead neonates are usually sampled. Here, we aim to identify and quantify some of the problems associated with using molecular techniques to identify the sex of newly laid avian eggs. From b...

Diyala University is an Iraqi public university located in the city of Baquba, center Governorate, northeast Baghdad’s capital. The scientific and civilized march province. establishment College Agriculture at was urgent necessity due to great potential governorate agricultural sector vast fertile lands. It with distinction, its orchards are famous for citrus fruits, as they were called oranges...

objective: in recent years, antibiotics have been used widely in the glob to prevent and treat bacterial diseases. they injected into eggs to eliminate pathogens and prevention of egg transmission of disease, but the adverse effects of drugs have always been a major concern. there is little information available about the safety of tetracycline drugs in the embryonated eggs of the birds. the ob...