Background: The aim of this study was to determine the serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility of Shigella spp. in Isfahan, (Iran) from 2010 to 2015.   Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on Shigella isolates in four tertiary care hospitals. The process of bacterial isolation and determination of susceptibility was performed by standard microbiological guidelines. The pat...

BACKGROUND Members of the Enterobacteriaceae family are common agents of nosocomial infections. Intestinal colonization by these microorganisms represents a major step in the development of systemic infection. Extended-spectrum b-lactamase-producing bacteria are usually associated with outbreaks, but endemic infections are common in intensive care units. OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency o...

A clinical isolate of Morganella morganii, with reduced susceptibility to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins and aztreonam, was found to produce an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase with a pI of 6.4. The nucleotide sequence of the encoding gene was that of the gene encoding TEM-21. This is the first molecular characterization of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in M. morganii.

In this paper we define extended corona and extended neighborhood corona of two graphs G1 and G2, which are denoted by G1 • G2 and G1 ∗ G2 respectively. We compute their adjacency spectrum, Laplacian spectrum and signless Laplacian spectrum. As applications, we give methods to construct infinite families of integral graphs, Laplacian integral graphs and expander graphs from known ones.

Our research goal is to construct an environment that mechanically supports human intellectual activities through software development with reuse. We propose a model of software development with systematic reuse in which the existent program can be altered to meet the given speci cation change using the program deriving process from the speci cation. In this paper, we consider what kinds of kno...

Atomistic thermodynamic calculations are performed in order to examine the energetic% of self-diffusion in GaAs. An energetic assessment of the activation enthalpy of the saddle-point configuration of various modes of vacancy self-diffusion indicates second-nearest-neighbor hopping to be the energetically most favorable mechanism if vacancies are available in equilibrium concentrations. An asse...