Implantation support medium transfer (ISME-T) is referred as cultivation and transfer of embryos using advanced enriched medium that all nutrients and energy sources needed for an optimal embryo development. They may serve as cultivation as well as transferring medium. Enriched cultivation medium reduces the embryo stress through in vitro fertilization (IVF) process by providing a more physiolo...

BACKGROUND Transplantation of embryonic pig pancreatic tissue as a source of insulin has been suggested for the cure of diabetes. However, previous limited clinical trials failed in their attempts to treat diabetic patients by transplantation of advanced gestational age porcine embryonic pancreas. In the present study we examined growth potential, functionality, and immunogenicity of pig embryo...

OBJECTIVE Advanced age is a major risk factor for ventricular dysfunction and reduction of cardiac reserve. Finding novel approaches to prevent and attenuate heart dysfunction associated with advanced age is a major therapeutic challenge. The present study was designed to test whether engrafted embryonic stem cells could improve myocardial function in aging hearts. METHODS Cultured mouse embr...

The mechanisms by which synchronized embryonic development to the blastocyst stage, preparation of the uterus for the receptive state, and reciprocal embryo-uterine interactions for implantation are coordinated are still unclear. We show in this study that preimplantation embryo development became asynchronous in mice that are deficient in brain-type (CB1) and/or spleen-type (CB2) cannabinoid r...

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), defined as 3 or more consecutive pregnancy failures, is a common and distressing disorder. Chromosome instability in the conceptus is the most common cause whereas uterine factors are invariably invoked to explain nonchromosomal miscarriages. These uterine factors are, however, poorly defined. Materials amd Methods: Laboratory-based analysis of endome...

BACKGROUND Pre-implantation development is a crucial step in successful implantation and pregnancy in mammals. It has been studied in depth, but mostly in laboratory animal models. Less is known about the regulatory mechanism involved in the pre-implantation development in humans and about the comparative aspects. METHODS Here, we employed the microarray datasets from the public database libr...

Human embryo invasion and implantation into the inner wall of the maternal uterus, the endometrium, is the pivotal process for a successful pregnancy. Whereas disruption of the endometrial epithelial layer was already correlated with the programmed cell death, the role of apoptosis of the subjacent endometrial stromal cells during implantation is indistinct. The aim was to clarify whether apopt...

Inactivation of Cdx2 leads to preimplantation embryonic lethality. Rescue of the implantation defect by tetraploid fusion established that Cdx2 is necessary for trophoblastic development, vasculogenesis in the yolk sac mesoderm, allantoic growth, and chorioallantoic fusion. "Rescued" Cdx2 mutants die at late gastrulation stages because of failure of placental development. Cdx2 is also needed fo...

Background: Somatic cell nuclear transfer, commonly known as cloning is a powerful tool for the production of identical animals for productive, biomedical or conservation purposes. Today several species of mammals has been cloned using this technology. Nevertheless, the efficiency of the process is still low in terms of newborn animals. The causes for such inefficiencies are mainly the lack of ...