The name of Clare in Suffolk is one of the few major settlement names in East Anglia of unknown etymology. A similar mystery surrounds the Hampshire names Kingsclere, Highclere, and Burghclere, all containing the element clere which must have a single origin. Clères is a village north of Rouen in Normandy. There is a remarkable lack of variation on the early spellings of all these names, which ...

In an age of depleting earth due to global warming impacting badly on the ozone layer system, need employ technologies substitute those engineering practices which result in emissions contributing death our has arisen. One is one that can sufficiently replace overdependence laboratory activities where oxides carbon and other toxins are released. Also, it technology brings precision especially e...

Often, the temperature and water variation exist in semi-arid areas of a clayey soil leads to vertical horizontal settlements, cracks general disorder building installed on this soil. The objective work is stabilize local gypsum clay soil, which poses problems at level self-construction built it. Chemical stabilization can improve properties. In fact, adding natural lime these clays provide an ...

The increasing importance of utilizing new technologies, such as GNSS (Global navigation satellite system) devices, total stations, drones, scanners, etc., in forestry has become evident with the development these tools. Combined precise UAVs represent an efficient tool that facilitates field measurements and reduces time spent while also providing highly accurate data. To accurately determine ...

Today, during the life of an open pit mine, million tons of materials, including waste and ore, are displacing by truck fleets. In the case of a shallow ore deposit, which is located up to 300 meters to the ground surface, depending on preliminary equipment size and capacity, it will take three to five years to remove overburden and waste rocks to expose the ore body. In that period, the main w...

Unpaved roads are built on the basis of soil compaction. Therefore, operation vehicles these results in dust emissions. As number passing increases, surface gradually degrades under shearing caused by tires. This enhances emissions and reduces visibility, increasing health environmental related issues as well risk collisions. The present study was conducted to quantify effect degradation from s...

Usually, selection of a highway alignment depends on an economical route that minimizes alignment sensitive costs, such as construction cost, user cost, right-of-way cost, and earthwork cost. Most of the available highway alignment optimization algorithms do not consider traffic assignment and distribution of traffic as a result of the new road network consisting of the new alignment as well as...

The static loading plate tests have been done in different engineering works and particularly in earthwork quality control. At Portugal AFNOR NF P94-117-1 and DIN 18134 standards are frequently used for this purpose. These standards differ on the test protocol and on test interpretation, which reflects on the final elastic modulus obtained. Attempting the importance that this parameter assumes ...