نتایج جستجو برای: dopamine
تعداد نتایج: 45248 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
During Pavlovian conditioning, phasic dopamine (DA) responses emerge to reward-predictive stimuli as the subject learns to anticipate reward delivery. This observation has led to the hypothesis that phasic dopamine signaling is important for learning. To assess the ability of mice to develop anticipatory behavior and to characterize the contribution of dopamine, we used a food-reinforced Pavlov...
The possible interaction of melatonin receptors and D1 dopamine receptors was investigated in neural cells prepared from embryonic day 8 chick retinas and cultured for 6 d. Dopamine stimulated cAMP accumulation in cultured retinal cells. This effect of dopamine was antagonized by addition of dopamine receptor antagonists (haloperidol and SCH23390) or melatonin receptor agonists (melatonin, 2-io...
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide. The depletion of dopamine in the nigro-striatal pathway is a main pathological hallmark that requires continuous and focal restoration. Since dopamine does not cross the digestive mucosa or the blood brain barrier, its lipophilic precursor L-dopa has been employed and remains the pivotal oral medication. ...
CONTEXT Modafinil, a wake-promoting drug used to treat narcolepsy, is increasingly being used as a cognitive enhancer. Although initially launched as distinct from stimulants that increase extracellular dopamine by targeting dopamine transporters, recent preclinical studies suggest otherwise. OBJECTIVE To measure the acute effects of modafinil at doses used therapeutically (200 mg and 400 mg ...
25 Fasting and food restriction alter the activity of the mesolimbic dopamine system 26 to affect multiple reward-related behaviors. Food restriction decreases baseline 27 dopamine levels in efferent target sites and enhances dopamine release in response to 28 rewards such as food and drugs. In addition to releasing dopamine from axon 29 terminals, dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area...
PURPOSE Because neurotransmitter dopamine inhibits vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis and as anti-VEGF agents act synergistically with anticancer drugs, we therefore investigated whether dopamine can increase the efficacies of these drugs. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The effect of dopamine was investigated in human breast cancer-(MCF-7) and col...
Dopamine D1 and D2 receptor immunohistochemistry and Golgi techniques were used to study the structure of the adult rat arcuate-median eminence complex, and determine the distribution of the dopamine D1 and D2 receptor immunoreactivities therein, particularly in relation to the tubero-infundibular dopamine neurons. Punctate dopamine D1 and D2 receptor immunoreactivities, likely located on nerve...
In Parkinson's disease (PD) depletion of dopamine in the nigro-striatal pathway is a main pathological hallmark that requires continuous and focal restoration. Current predominant treatment with intermittent oral administration of its precursor, Levodopa (l-dopa), remains the gold standard but pharmacological drawbacks trigger motor fluctuations and dyskinesia. Continuous intracerebroventricula...
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