HOW TO CITE: Brooke BD, Robertson L, Kaiser ML, Raswiswi E, Munhenga G, Venter N, et al. Insecticide resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis in Mamfene, KwaZulu-Natal. S Afr J Sci. 2015;111(11/12), Art. #2015-0261, 3 pages. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/ sajs.2015/20150261 The control of malaria vector mosquitoes in South Africa’s affected provinces is primarily based on indoor spray...

Objectives Indoor residual spraying (IRS) with insecticides is the main vector control intervention for elimination of visceral leishmaniasis in India. After a change IRS policy 2015 due to widespread resistance Phlebotomus argentipes DDT, DDT was replaced alpha-cypermethrin 2016. The objective present study evaluate susceptibility P. and its alternatives, namely malathion pirimiphos-methyl (or...

BACKGROUND Although dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) exposure is known to affect human endocrine function, few previous studies have investigated the effects of DDT exposure on age at menarche or menstrual cycle length. METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted to study the effects of DDT exposure on age at menarche and menstrual cycle length among 466 newly married, nulliparous fem...

We previously demonstrated a good correlation between the increased relative liver weight caused by DDT and the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of DDT or the total DDT (T-DDT) in plasma and liver of rats in a 7-day repeated dose study at 1000 ppm. To confirm the reliability of AUC for predicting toxic responses at different dose levels, we conducted a further 28-day repeated dose ...

The DDT i nh ibition of (Na+, K+) a ctivated ATPase in gill pre parations of the euryhaline teleost , Fundulus heteroclitus, was measured. The (Na+, K+) -activate d ATPase was found to be sensitive to DDT, with 74.6% of the e nzyme's specific activity inhibited by 20 ppm DDT . The (Mg++)-activated ATPase was also sensitive to inhibition bv DDT but not to the extent of the (Na+, K+) activat ed A...

Two recent articles in EHP (1,2) and the latest Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry toxicologic profile for DDT (3) make repeated references to DDT risks. These statements of risk, like so many others, are one-sided and give no consideration to colossal increases in diseases previously controlled with DDT. Behind disease statistics are grievous human tragedies, as with the case of ...

Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production by Klebsiella sp. and E. coli is an emerging problem. In this study, 107 clinical isolates (53 E. coli, 47 K. pneumoniae and 7 K. oxytoca) screened as ESBL producers by the NCCLS disk diffusion procedure were submitted to a double disk confirmatory test (DDT) and to the E-test double strip for confirmation of ESBL production by demonstration of...

The dynamics of genetic variation in susceptibility to insecticides within a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen) at Katsunuma (Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan) was examined. Two resistance factors for three organophosphate insecticides (OPs), a resistant-type acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (cytochrome P450), have already been suggested to be invol...

A field strain of the German cockroach (Melia), collected from the kitchen of a hotel in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia demonstrated moderate resistance to bendiocarb and low resistance to propoxur and deltamethrin when tested with modified W.H.O. glass jar method. Low resistance was also detected when the strain was tested with DDT. Resistance level to bendiocarb and deltamethrin was partially suppres...

Several loci conferring insecticide resistance in the yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti) have previously been mapped by simple recombinational mapping. Here we describe correlation of these resistance phenotypes with molecular gene probes for insecticide target sites by RFLP mapping. The para sodium channel gene homologue and the GABA receptor gene Resistance to dieldrin map to the same geno...