In photon counting imaging applications a focal plane array consisting of a detector and readout integrated circuit (ROIC) array must both be low noise. At room temperature, InGaAs PIN detector arrays are most suitable because the required signal bandwidth is fairly modest and the first stage input amplifiers on the ROIC can be very low noise. However, in many applications relatively long integ...

We consider the cosmological constraints on the holographic dark energy model by using the data set available from the type Ia supernovae (SNIa), CMB and BAO observations. The constrained parameters are critical to determine the quintessence or quintom character the model. The SNIa and joint SNIa+CMB+BAO analysis give the best-fit results for β with priors on Ωm0 and ω0. Using montecarlo we obt...

The Poisson and Normal probability distributions poorly match the dark current histogram of a typical image sensor. The histogram has only positive values, and is positively skewed (with a long tail). The Normal distribution is symmetric (and possesses negative values), while the Poisson distribution is discrete. Image sensor characterization and simulation would benefit from a different distri...

Effects of a generalized dark energy fluid is investigated on cosmic density fluctuations such as cosmic microwave background. As a general dark energy fluid, we take into consideration the possibility of the anisotropic stress for dark energy, which has not been discussed much in the literature. We comprehensively study its effects on the evolution of density fluctuations along with that of no...

The BRightest Target Explorer (BRITE) is the pioneering nanosatellite mission dedicated for photometric observations of the brightest stars in the sky. The BRITE charge coupled device (CCD) sensors are poorly shielded against extensive flux of energetic particles which constantly induce defects in the silicon lattice. In this paper we investigate the temporal evolution of the generation of the ...

An analysis of cosmological mixed dark matter models in spatially flat Friedmann Universe with zero Λterm is presented. We argue that the introduction of cosmic gravity waves helps to satisfy observational constraints. The number of parameters is equal to 5, they are (1) σ8, the dispersion of the mass fluctuations in the sphere with radius 8hMpc, (2) n, the slope of the density perturbation spe...

In the framework of the Low Emittance Gun (LEG) project, high gradient acceleration of a low emittance electron beam will be necessary. In order to achieve this acceleration a-500 kV, 250 ns FWHM, pulse will be applied in between two electrodes. Those electrodes should sustain the pulsed field without arcing, must not outgass and must not emit electrons. Ion back bombardment, and dark current w...