The Extension Service, United States Department of Agriculture, funded a special project to approach development of extension materials for dairy farmers by systems analysis. Agricultural engineers created video tapes and publications on manure, feed handling, calf housing, and milking subsystems. Dairy scientists created slide-tapes and publications on controlling feed losses during harvest, s...

1. An in vitro preparation was used to measure rates of oxygen consumption, Na+, K+-ATPase-dependent respiration. [14C]phenylalanine incorporation and tyrosine release of skeletal (sternomandibularis) muscle from 10-21-d-old (three) and 7-month dairy (three) calves and control (CDM; four) and extreme double-muscled (EDM; two) calves. 2. Rates of oxygen consumption was greatest (P less than 0.00...

Conventional dairy farming practices usually involve early separation of calves from their dams. Cow-calf contact (CCC) systems may offer an alternative rearing solution that allows for the expression natural behaviours, such as suckling and bonding. However, literature exploring effects CCC on lying behaviours lactating cows is limited. Thus, aims this study were to assess: (1) with without ac...

Development of the dairy calf gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and its associated microbiota are essential for survival and milk production, as this community is responsible for converting plant-based feeds into accessible nutrients. However, little is known regarding the establishment of microbes in the calf GIT. Here, we measured fecal-associated bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities of dai...

Human campylobacteriosis is primarily associated with poultry but also cattle. In this study, 55 Campylobacter jejuni strains isolated from 382 dairy calves' feces were differentiated by multilocus sequence typing and tested for antimicrobial resistance. The most prevalent sequence type (ST) was ST883 (20.0%), followed by ST48 (14.5%), and ST50 (9.1%). In contrast to ST48 and ST50, ST883 has ra...