The development of the cytokinesis-block (CB) technique has made the human lymphocyte micronucleus assay (MN) a reliable and precise method for assessing chromosome damage. Recent studies in our laboratory have confirmed that this method is a sensitive indicator of in vivo radiation exposure in patients undergoing fractionated partial-body radiotherapy and rodents exposed to uniform whole-body ...

It is widely believed that e-cigarettes are less harmful than conventional cigarettes because they have a lower nicotine content. In contrast to this notion, several in vitro studies evaluated and demonstrated the genotoxicity associated with e-cigarette smoking. However, there lack of human on e-cigarettes. This pilot study compared indicators users, cigarette smokers, nonsmokers. A total 84 h...

The extracellular matrix (ECM) protein thrombospondin (TSP) binds specifically to polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) surface receptors and promotes cell adhesion and motility. TSP receptor expression increases 30-fold after activation with the synthetic chemotactic peptide, N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (FMLP) or the Ca2+ ionophore A23187, in combination with cytochalasin B. The expressi...

One of the negative environmental impacts of the last armed conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina was the use of radioactive ammunition containing depleted uranium. The United Nations Environment Programme measurements detected higher radioactivity at several examined sites in Bosnia and Herzegovina. One of those places is in the area of Hadzići, close to Sarajevo. This research included an evalua...

A series of studies was performed to evaluate the safety of dihydrocapsiate (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl 8-methylnonanoate; CAS no. 205687-03-2). This study evaluated the potential genotoxicity of this compound using a variety of in vitro and in vivo test systems, including bacterial reverse mutation test, chromosomal aberration test, micronucleus test, gene mutation assay with transgenic rats, a...

A method is described for the inclusion of apoptotic and necrotic cells in the cell counts obtained in the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay, which is conventionally used solely for the assessment of chromosome breakage, chromosome loss and frequency of dividing cells. The morphological criteria for the recognition and discrimination between necrotic, apoptotic and viable cells are de...

We studied the genotoxic potency of motorcycle exhaust particles (MEP) by using a bacterial reversion assay and chromosome aberration and micronucleus tests. In the bacterial reversion assay (Ames test), MEP concentration-dependently increased TA98, TA100, and TA102 revertants in the presence of metabolic-activating enzymes. In the chromosome aberration test, MEP concentration-dependently incre...