Humanism in modern western civilization is a fundamental idea. Underlying root, perhaps, in contradiction of the contemporary West with the Iran Islamic Revolution hidden in the humanistic nature of modernity, since the modern west pivotal view in all dimensions of life is humanistic, and human-like rather than God-oriented one. To this aim, a critical method used. Humanism has two meanings: fi...

The new perspectives on Bayesian model criticisms presented in Ratmann et al. (2009) are challenging standard approaches to Bayesian model choice. We discuss here some issues arising from the approach, including prior influence, model assessment and criticism, and the meaning of error.

The Rome diagnostic criteria for the functional bowel disorders and functional abdominal pain are used widely in research and practice. A committee consensus approach, including criticism from multinational expert reviewers, was used to revise the diagnostic criteria and update diagnosis and treatment recommendations, based on research results. The terminology was clarified and the diagnostic c...

While perfectionism is widely considered to influence risk for eating disorders, results of longitudinal studies are mixed. The goal of the current study was to investigate a more complex model of how baseline perfectionism (both high personal standards and self-critical evaluative concerns) might influence change in risk status for eating disorders in young adolescent girls, through its influe...

Almost 30 years have passed since the initial publication of Ivan Illich’s Limits to Medicine. Medical Nemesis: The Expropriation of Health. A medieval historian who has been described as one of the world’s great thinkers, Illich introduced his iconoclastic work with the indictment, “the medical establishment has become a major threat to health.” The book makes a passing reference to radiology ...

Higher Criticism is a recently developed statistic for non-Gaussian detection, proposed in Donoho & Jin 2004, where it has been shown to be effective at resolving a very subtle testing problem: whether n normal means are all zero versus the alternative that a small fraction is nonzero. Higher Criticism is also useful in the detection of a non-Gaussian convolution component of cosmic strings in ...

The aim of this paper is an analysis of Karl Marx’s account of social criticism. The paper opens with a distinction between two models of social criticism, Platonic and Socratic, present in the contemporary political philosophy. The main argument is that despite the contradictory character of the two models of criticism, they are both present in Marx’s account of criticism. Through the concept ...