Abstract. We investigate the sensitivity of turbine-height wind speed forecast to initial condition (IC) uncertainties over Columbia River Gorge (CRG) and Basin (CRB) for two typical weather phenomena, i.e., local-thermal-gradient-induced marine air intrusion a cold frontal passage. Four types anomalies their associated IC related local thermal gradients large-scale circulations are identified ...

Noise-compensated autoregressive (AR) analysis is a problem insufficiently explored with regard to the accuracy of the estimate. This paper studies comprehensively the lower limit of the estimation variance, presenting the asymptotic Cramér– Rao bound (CRB) for Gaussian processes and additive Gaussian noise. This novel result is obtained by using a frequency-domain perspective of the problem as...

Simultaneous estimation of range and angle of close emitters usually requires a multidimensional search. This paper offers an algorithm to improve the position of an element of any array designed on the basis of some certain or random rules. In the proposed method one element moves on its original direction, i.e., keeping the vertical distance to each source, to reach the constellation with les...

This appendix provides a detailed overview of the analysis conducted by the California Research Bureau (CRB). It begins by summarizing the impediments to unbiased standard error estimation with U.S. Census Bureau data and the equations CRB used to identify upper and lower bounds of the standard errors for indicators of the eight Target Area Contract Preference Act (TACPA) criteria. We then revi...

Fish were collected from 16 sites on rivers in the Columbia River Basin (CRB) from September 1997 to April 1998 to document temporal and spatial trends in the concentrations of accumulative contaminants and to assess contaminant effects on the fish. Sites were located on the mainstem of the Columbia River and on the Snake, Willamette, Yakima, Salmon, and Flathead Rivers. Common carp (Cyprinus c...