BACKGROUND Critically ill patients are susceptible to protein catabolism. Enteral feeding may ameliorate protein loss, but its effect is not well characterized in terms of protein kinetics. OBJECTIVE We established a method of quantifying the effect of enteral protein feeding on whole-body protein turnover and studied critically ill patients receiving early enteral nutrition. DESIGN In a pr...

OBJECTIVES It is presently recommended that oral feeding be started in premature infants as soon as possible, often at an age at which nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) is still required for ventilatory support. Our previous data showed that application of nCPAP up to 10 cmH2O in full-term lambs had no deleterious effect on cardiorespiratory safety, feeding efficiency, or on nut...

Little is known about the feeding habits of large free ranging fish, due in large part to lack of an appropriate technique for quantifying feeding variables. A previous study demonstrated that changes in gastric pH can be used as a proxy for feeding events in free-ranging sharks. Here we describe the development of a new acoustic pH transmitter to remotely measure gastric pH in sharks in the fi...

We investigate models for animal feeding behaviour, with the aim of improving understanding of how animals organise their behaviour in the short term. We consider three classes of model: hidden Markov, latent Gaussian and semi-Markov. Each can predict the typical 'clustered' feeding behaviour that is generally observed, however they differ in the extent to which 'memory' of previous behaviour i...

Behavioural responses of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), a generalist, cell sap-feeding insect species with piercing-sucking mouthparts, after continuous exposure to two deterrent secondary plant compounds are investigated. We compared in choice assays on bean leaf discs, the settling, feeding, and oviposition preferences of F. occidentalis females that had no e...

THE widespread use of antibiotics for feeding swine during recent years has followed early work in that field by Cunha et al. (1949) and Jukes and coworkers (1950). Other reports from a number of workers have indicated that various antibiotics have different optimum levels at which they should be fed. For aureomycin, 5.0 to 10.0 rag. per lb. of feed were found to give satisfactory results durin...

Optimisation of meat production systems depends upon accurate performance assessment. Weigh platforms in electronic feeding stations allow continuous monitoring of individual pig weight change. Such a system was compared with a conventional mechanical scale with the general result: feeding station weight (kg)=1.02 (0.010) scale weight 1.65 (0.766). As compared with the conventional scale measur...

UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Underfeeding of patients reliant on enteral tube feedings most likely is due primarily to interruptions in the infusions. Strategies to improve energy intake require an understanding of such interruptions and associated outcomes. OBJECTIVES To compare daily energy intake with goal energy intake; to ascertain frequency, duration, and reasons for interruptions in feedings,...