BACKGROUND Nowadays use of specific antivenin for latrodectism is considered as the most effective treatment in the world. This study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of specific antivenom against histopathological complications caused by Latrodectus dahli venom on liver, heart and kidneys tissues within 72h. METHODS Two groups were selected, each one contained 6 male New Zealand ra...

the technique of intraosseous (io) infusion has been reemerged as an alternative route of intravascular access for the delivery of fluids and some medications. complications of io infusion occur rarely and include fractures and osteomyelitis after long-term use of io access. the purpose of this study was to compare the efficiency of induction of anaesthesia by a standard intravenous route and a...

Origins and terminations of fibers of the dorsal and intermediate acoustic striae were studied by surgically severing these tracts and injecting HRP into the incision. This procedure results in filling the severed axons with HRP. Filled axons were traced to cell groups of origin and to some terminations of the acoustic striae. HRP-labeled terminals were found in the cochlear nuclei as well as i...

Mast cells are the main effector cells of immediate hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis. Their role in the development of allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is controversial and based on indirect evidence. To address these issues, mast cell-deficient mice (W/W v) and their congenic littermates were sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) by intraperitoneal injection and subsequently challenge...

OBJECTIVE To improve HIV treatment in China by determining changes over time of patient characteristics (geographic, clinical and route of HIV infection) among patients enrolled in the China National Free Antiretroviral Treatment Program. METHODS Patients in the national treatment database from 1 June 2002 to 1 June 2009 were eligible. Patients were excluded if <18 years old, not previously t...

In this study, IP administration of acetaminophen and its half-life were investigated. Acetaminophen as an analgesic drug ordinarily is used in tablets or syrup form. Therefore, there is no report about administration of acetaminophen through injection. Acetaminophen in ED50 dose (200 mg/kg) was injected into the animals intraperitoneally, and its analgesic effect was investigated by formalin t...

Background: Blood loss during and immediately after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is among the most challenging concerns. It has been demonstrated that Tranexamic acid (TXA) can help to reduce perioperative blood loss. TXA can be used as an oral, topical or intravenous injection. Many studies evaluated the effectiveness of each route of administration but few works on a comparison between them....

We developed a technique for direct inguinal lymph node injection in mice to compare various routes of immunization with tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cell (DC) vaccines. Syngeneic, bone marrow-derived, tumor lysate-pulsed DCs administered intranodally generated more potent protective antitumor immunity than s.c. or i.v. DC immunizations. Intranodal immunization with ovalbumin peptide-pulsed DC...

Replication-selective tumor-specific viruses constitute a novel approach for treatment of neoplastic disease. These vectors are designed to induce virus-mediated lysis of tumor cells after selective viral propagation within the tumor. Human telomerase is highly active in more than 85ｵ of primary cancers, regardless of their tissue origins, and its activity correlates closely with human telomera...