stem cells are self-renewing cells that can be differentiated into other cell types. conventional in vitro models for studying stem cells differentiation are usually preformed in two-dimensional (2d) cultures. the design of three-dimensional (3d) in vitro models which ideally are supposed to mimic the in vivo stem cells microenvironment is potentially useful for inducing stem cell derived tissu...

The role of culture conditions on the production exopolymeric substances (EPS) by Synechococcus strain PCC7942 was investigated. Carbonate mineral precipitation in these EPS assessed forced experiments. Cultures were grown HEPES-buffered medium and non-buffered medium. pH buffered remained constant at 7.5, but it increased to 9.5 within a day leveled off 10.5. cell yield harvest twice as high t...

Abstract Background and Aims: To identify and isolation of viruses a susceptible cell is need which can be primary or line. The use of primary cells is laborious, time consuming and expensive, while the use of cell lines is much easier and faster. IRKHBK cell line was originated from primary cells of bovine kidney by continuous passage. The aim of this study was to introduce the IRKHBK cell ...

Under specific stress treatments (cold, starvation), in vitro microspores can be induced to deviate from their gametophytic development and switch to embryogenesis, forming haploid embryos and homozygous breeding lines in a short period of time. The inductive stress produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO), signalling molecules mediating cellular responses, and cell death, m...

Poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline)s (PAOXAs) have been rapidly emerging as starting materials in the design of tissue engineering supports and for generation platforms cell cultures, especially form hydrogels.